Recognition of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery is difficult, since strong analgesics (e.g. opioids) can mask anginal symptoms, and ECG abnormalities are subtle or transient. Thorough knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms is therefore essential. These mechanisms can be subdivided into four groups: type I myocardial infraction (MI), type II MI, non-ischaemic cardiac pathology...

Cardiovascular events are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and myocardial infarction is the most common cause of these accidents. Myocardial infarction impairs the mechanical and electrical activity of the heart that these disorders predispose the patient to cardiac arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia. QT dispersion is an important parameter to eva...

Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and there is considerable interest in the role of dietary constituents and supplements in the prevention and treatment of these disorders. We reviewed the major publications related to potential effects on cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes of some common dietary constituents: carotenoids, flavonoid-rich coc...

Background: Coffee contains thousands of chemical compounds such as chlorogenic acid, caffeine, potassium, niacin, magnesium and tocopherols. Only caffeine in coffee shows pharmacological effects. Based on relevant studies, caffeine in coffee has many side effects such as increasing blood pressure, homocysteine, plasma renin; catecholamine and arrhythmia, which are considered as risk factors fo...

GHK-Cu emerged during my attempts to reverse certain changes that occur during human ageing. The goal was to suppress the synthesis of the blood fibrinogen, a protein that rises with age and rises even more after myocardial infraction. Its blood concentration is an excellent predictor of mortality. Elevated fibrinogen levels increase blood coagulation and decrease tissue perfusion, by increasin...

We present two patients who had acute paraplegia with sensory loss due to spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH). One had myocardial infraction and the other had deep vein thrombosis, and the former was treated with anticoagulants and the latter was treated with thrombolytic agent. We analyzed the neurological status of our two cases each between its preoperative and postoperative state. P...

We describe an automated reproof generator for upbraiding effectiveness (ARGUE) 2 . When reproving infractions, effectiveness is improved by comprehensive, well-organised coverage of the arguments. The search for a forceful well-expressed reproof is controlled by reproof plans, which are descriptions of the high level structure of reproofs. We have extended the concept of proof plans to the str...