The effectiveness of pasteurization and the concentration of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in raw milk have been identified in quantitative risk analysis as the most critical factors influencing the potential presence of viable Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in dairy products. A quantitative assessment of the lethality of pasteurization was undertaken using an industrial pasteuriz...

BACKGROUND Many studies have been conducted to define risk factors for the transmission of bovine paratuberculosis, mostly in countries with large herds. Little is known about the epidemiology in infected Swiss herds and risk factors important for transmission in smaller herds. Therefore, the presence of known factors which might favor the spread of paratuberculosis and could be related to the ...

Paratuberculosis (John’s disease) is infectious and chronically progressive granulomatous disease which affects domestic and wild ruminants. The causative agent is Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), a slow growing mycobactin dependent acid-fast bacillus. We investigated the detection and frequency of MAP in apparently healthy dromedary and Bactrian camels by insertion...

One of the important routes Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) transmission in dairy calves is milk. The aim present study was to assess efficacy milk treatments prevent MAP infection calves. A one-year longitudinal carried out. Newborn were assigned one four experimental groups: 5 received naturally MAP-contaminated milk, copper treated 4 fed calf replacer, and 3 UHT pasteurized...

The authors report two cases of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in free-ranging Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) from two different herds in the Western Alps, Italy. One ibex, found dead in October 1998, was in poor condition. The second animal died due to trauma following capture with a dart gun. The only gross lesions observed were the enlargement of the mesenteric and iliac lymph nodes. Sam...

The aim of this study was to determine possible differences in the faecal microbiota of dairy cows infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in comparison with noninfected cows from the same herds. Faecal samples from cows in 4 herds were tested for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis by real-time PCR, and faecal bacterial populations were analysed by 454 pyrosequ...

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) is an OIE listed notifi able economically important contagious mycobacterial disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. The present study reports the seroprevalence of paratuberculosis in bovines of the rural area from fi ve different agro-climatic zone of Punjab. A total of 736 serum samples from both cattle and buffalo he...

Reassessing this persistent theory in light of advances in molecular microbial detection and genetic pathogenesis of disease.