A general method for experimental induction in guinea pigs and man of the delayed hypersensitive state directed against protein antigens has been decribed previously (1). Sensitization follows a single intradermal injection of a small amount of antigen in the form of a washed immune precipitate. Provided the specific precipitation is carried out in the region of antibody excess, active antibody...

CD1c is expressed with high density on human dendritic cells (DCs) and B cells, yet its antigen presentation functions are the least well understood among CD1 family members. Using a CD1c-reactive T cell line (DN6) to complete an organism-wide survey of M. tuberculosis lipids, we identified C32 phosphomycoketide (PM) as a previously unknown molecule and a CD1c-presented antigen. CD1c binding an...

Mycobacteria in drinking water and the of swimming pools, whirlpools, hydrotherapy facilities aquaria contribute significantly to human exposure triggers immune regulated chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Technological elements distribution systems, especially their inner surface, taps, shower heads blind spots where sediments settle, affect number mycobacteria water. The review present...

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) still remains the deadliest infectious disease worldwide with 1.5 million deaths in 2018, of which about 15% are attributed to resistant strains. Another significant example is abscessus abscessus), a nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) responsible for cutaneous and pulmonary infections, representing up 95% NTM infections cystic fibro...

The injection into the dorsal skin of a suspension of guinea pig testis or spermia incorporated in a water-in-oil emulsion containing killed mycobacteria induces aspermatogenesis in guinea pigs. The injury begins with the inhibition of the maturation of spermia and proceeds through the degeneration and exfoliation of spermatids, spermatocytes, and finally spermatogonia. These germinal cells pas...

Abstract: The non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ‘atypical mycobacteria’ belonging to species other than those classified in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. NTM have been reported cause cross-reactive immune responses that interfere with diagnosis of both livestock and wildlife considered as potential pathogens for animals humans. present study was conducted detection non- tuberculo...

Background: Tuberculosis is a disease with high morbidity, caused mainly by Mycobaterium tuberculosis (M.tb.). DNA vaccines show a promising future due to their unique advantages over conventional methods. The early-secreted antigen target (ESAT)-6 and culture filtrate protein (CFP)-10 of M.tb. antigens have been identified as vaccine candidates against Mycobacteria and used as subunit vaccines...

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are commonly found in the environment. As exposure to environmental mycobacteria has been reported to immunomodulatory in this study, the presence of environmental mycobacteria was investigated in soil, drinking water and drainage sample in Ghatampur, India, which is known for high endemicity for leprosy. Soil, drinking water from the hand pumps/wells and also...