BACKGROUND Spasticity is a common neurologic disorder with adverse effects on the patient's function. Conservative management is unsuccessful in a significant proportion of patients and neurosurgical intervention should be considered. The mainstay of surgical treatment of spasticity is selective posterior rhizotomy, i.e., section of sensory nerve roots of the cauda equina. OBJECTIVE To report...

tendon jerks, resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex.”1 Spasticity can produce impairment of active functions performed by the patient such as reaching, transferring, and walking, as well as disabling symptoms of pain, spasm, and disfigurement, disturbance in passive functions when the patient is being assisted by a caregiver, such as excessive tone in a limb during washing, bat...

INTRODUCTION Muscle atrophy, spasticity, and deformity are among long term complication of spinal cord injury (SCI) veterans. There are numerous studies evaluating effect of functional electrical stimulation on muscle properties of SCI people, but less research has focused on the benefits of passive cycling in the management of spasticity and improving ROM of lower limbs in individuals with SCI...

OBJECTIVES After stroke, abnormal arm posture due to spasticity in a functionally useless arm may interfere with self care tasks. In these patients botulinum toxin treatment presents an opportunity to reduce disability. The purpose was to investigate whether reduction in spasticity after botulinum toxin treatment translates into reduction in disability and carer burden. METHODS Forty patients...

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a powerful neurotoxin which blocks cholinergic transmission at the neuromuscular junction. Judiciously applied, it can reduce local muscle overactivity while maintaining the strength in other muscles. To date BTX has not been licensed for use in spasticity in the UK and the literature pertaining to clinical practice is still relatively scant. However, controlled trials ...

943 Spasticity in cerebral palsy stems from a net disinhibition of spinal reflexes because of a primary non-progressive cere-bral lesion. The resulting hyperactive reflexes and increased muscle tone create a dynamic, shortening deformity which is exacerbated by longitudinal skeletal growth in the growing child. This makes the management of dynamic deformities such as an equinus gait by physioth...

Relevance . Relevance. Cerebral palsy is a persistent lesion of the nervous system. Though it stable, consequences are progressing. Muscle hypertonicity one principal complications which may progress. The spasticity chewing muscles limits mouth opening, prevents children from practising good oral hygiene and results in multiple dental diseases. Such patients need care with specific approach. re...

objective hereditary spastic paraplegia (hsp) is a degenerative disease of genetic origin affecting the corticospinal tracts in the spinal cord. there are three forms of inheritance: autosomal dominant hsp, autosomal rececive hsp and x-linked hsp. this disease is characterized by progressive spasticity of leg muscles with varying degrees of stiffness and weakness of other muscle groups. in this...

The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of spasticity are not clear, but the excitability of the disynaptic reciprocal inhibitory pathway is affected in many patients with spasticity of different origin. Patients with genetically identified autosomal dominant pure spastic paraparesis (ADPSP) develop spasticity and paresis in the legs, but usually have no symptoms in the arm...

Spasticity is a common and disabling symptom observed in patients with central nervous system diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a disease affecting both upper and lower motor neurons. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spasticity is traditionally thought to be the result of degeneration of the upper motor neurons in the cerebral cortex, although degeneration of other neuronal ty...