Computing is being transformed to a model consisting of services that are commoditised and delivered in a manner similar to utilities such as water, electricity, gas, and telephony. In such a model, users access services based on their requirements without regard to where the services are hosted. Several computing paradigms have promised to deliver this utility computing vision. Cloud computing...

introduction: in recent years spatial justice has gained special importance among planners and geographers. since the urban public services form the structure, shape and the nature of the physical, social and urban space, inequities in their distribution cause irreversible negative effects on the structure and the nature of city and social segregation of the people, and serious challenges in th...

The development of urban public transport, and its essential part – tram enterprises is no exception, ensured by identifying solving problems a practical nature, the main which limited financial resources municipal utilities most important. Municipal councils Ukrainian cities where there transport are interested in reducing cost maintaining these enterprises. One ways to overcome dependence cur...

This alleged rationality in the use of medicines would require a difficult alignment between distinct rationalities of the various actors that interact in the field of pharmaceutical services: federal, state, and municipal governments; universities and technical courses; health professionals; public and private health services; pharmaceutical industry and providers of supplies; patients and media.

The cost of providing water services is increasing, placing greater financial burdens on individual households and utilities. Five metrics were calculated at multiple volumes usage applied to 1791 utilities, estimating bills from 2020 rates data, gauge in four states. More than a fifth the population 77% utilities was experiencing poverty, suggesting widespread poverty major contributor utility...

Italian New Public Management (NPM) has been mainly characterized by a political orientation toward power decentralization to local governments and privatization of public companies. Nowadays, local utilities in Italy are often run by joint stock companies controlled by public agencies such as Regional and Municipal Administrations. Due to this transformation, these companies must comply with a...