OBJECTIVE It is known from animal experiments that blood flow through the ductus venosus changes with fetal strain. Therefore the ratio of umbilical vein to ductus venosus flow rate in human intrauterine growth retardation and multifetal pregnancies was investigated and compared with that in control subjects. STUDY DESIGN Blood flow rates in the umbilical vein and in the ductus venosus, as we...

Background: In order to achieve the target of having a healthy mother and baby there is need identify pregnant woman with high risk factors.Ante natal foetal monitoring aimed at identifying foetus that are suffering from intrauterine hypoxia. Aims Objectives: To evaluate role modified biophysical profile in predicting perinatal outcome women Material methods: This hospital based observational s...

OBJECTIVE Since the 1990s, pregnancy hypertension rates have declined in some countries, but not all. Increasing rates of early planned delivery (before the due date) have been hypothesised as the reason for the decline. The aim of this study was to explore whether early planned delivery can partly explain the declining pregnancy hypertension rates in Australia. DESIGN Population-based record...

Uterine contractions occur in runs of 1-3/hr throughout pregnancy from early in the second trimester until full term usually without consequence. Regular uterine contractions are essential in every case of preterm labor (PTL) resulting in preterm delivery at <37 weeks. It has been demonstrated that women are unable to accurately perceive the contractions associated with preterm labor while uter...

Key content Fetal anaemia can be caused by alloimmune or infectious red cell destruction, disorders of fetal production, haemorrhage and as a complication monochorionic multifetal pregnancy. A fetus at risk from maternal alloimmunisation detected serum screening for antibodies ultrasonography. Undiagnosed cases may present in routine obstetric practice, so awareness the identification initial m...