A crucial issue in word encoding is whether morphemes are involved in early stages. One paradigm that tests for this employs the transposed letter (TL) effect - the difference in the times to process a word (misfile) when it is preceded by a TL prime (mifsile) and when it is preceded by a substitute letter (SL) prime (mintile) - and examines whether the TL effect is smaller when the two adjacen...

Mathematical morphology is well-suited to capturing geometric information. Hence, morphology-based approaches have been popular for object shape representation. The two primary morphology-based approaches, the morphological skeleton and the morphological shape decomposition (MSD), each represent an object as a collection of disjoint sets. A practical shape representation scheme, though, should ...

Studies are reviewed that demonstrate how the identification of compound words during reading is constrained by the foveal area of the eye. When compound words are short, their letters can be identified during a single fixation, leading to the whole-word route dominating word recognition from early on. Hence, marking morpheme boundaries visually by means of hyphens slows down the processing of ...

Psycholinguistic and electrophysiological studies of lexical processing show convergent evidence for morpheme-based lexical access for morphologically complex words that involves early decomposition into their constituent morphemes followed by some combinatorial operation. Considering that both semantically transparent (e.g., sailboat) and semantically opaque (e.g., bootleg) compounds undergo m...

A novel signal representation using fuzzy mathematical morphology is developed. We take advantage of the optimum fuzzy fitting and the efficient implementation of morphological operators to extract geometric information from signals. The new representation provides results analogous to those given by the polynomial transform. Geometrical decomposition of a signal is achieved by windowing and ap...

Due to the non−trivial relationship between the orthographic form and the chain of sounds in a spoken utterance in German, the text−to−phoneme conversion (TPC), as part of a text−to− speech system, is not a negligible task. Many methods that use a fixed set of rules for TPC take into account the morphological structure of words. Even though this approach results in a high accuracy, it has one m...

Against longstanding assumptions in the psycholinguistics literature, we argue for a model of morphological complexity that has all complex words assembled by the grammar from lexical roots and functional morphemes. This assembly occurs even for irregular forms like gave. Morphological relatedness is argued to be an identity relation between repetitions of a single root, distinguishable from se...

In this study, we investigated automatic translation from English to Chinese and subsequent morphological decomposition of translated Chinese compounds. In two lexical decision tasks, Chinese-English bilinguals responded to English target words that were preceded by masked unrelated primes presented for 59 ms. Unbeknownst to participants, the Chinese translations of the words in each critical p...

AbstractMorphological image processing machines are not capable of handling large-size structuring elements. A new architecture for fast execution of the erosion/dilation operations in an up to 9× 9-pixel, arbitrarily shaped, image window through decomposition of grey-scale morphological structuring element into 3× 3-pixel sub-domains is presented in this paper. The proposed hardware structure ...