Small-eared shrews of the New World genus Cryptotis (Eulipotyphla, Soricidae) comprise at least 42 species that traditionally have been partitioned among four or more species groups based on morphological characters. The Cryptotis mexicana species group is of particular interest, because its member species inhibit a subtly graded series of forelimb adaptations that appear to correspond to locom...

In order to analyze variation and find an efficient selection approach, we used crossing results between two wheat cultivars, Azar2 and 87-Zhong291. F3 plants (374 lines) and four check cultivars planted in the form of augmented experiment. For germination, seeds were irrigated once. After using multiple statistics methods such as cluster analysis, 79 different lines were selected and used for ...

This article describes a system that takes a photograph of a printed equation and produces a LTEX code representation. The process uses adaptive thresholding with mean filtering, morphological edge smoothing, and the Hough transform for image binarization and skew correction. The project uses Hu invariant moments and circular topology to match characters against a database of characters. The al...

Evolutionary biologists have adopted simple likelihood models for purposes of estimating ancestral states and evaluating character independence on specified phylogenies; however, for purposes of estimating phylogenies by using discrete morphological data, maximum parsimony remains the only option. This paper explores the possibility of using standard, well-behaved Markov models for estimating m...

The present study insights into the interrelationships and taxonomic segregation of some Polypodiaceous fern taxa based on leaf architecture foliar micro-morphology. Twenty-seven species were examined valuable qualitative quantitative data obtained to generate UPGMA dendrogram. A dichotomous key differentiating was prepared. Results reveal that even though have overlapping characters, certain s...

This study aims to analyze the relationship among species in Poaceae family based on their similarities morphological characteristics. The method used was a taximetry describing taxonomic affinity characteristics of plants, including leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruit. Morphological character data compiled Ms Excel, representing each organ scoring data. Furthermore, results were analyzed ...