Human moral judgement may have evolved to maximize the individual's welfare given parochial culturally constructed moral systems. If so, then moral condemnation should be more severe when transgressions are recent and local, and should be sensitive to the pronouncements of authority figures (who are often arbiters of moral norms), as the fitness pay-offs of moral disapproval will primarily deri...

We propose that people judge immoral acts as more offensive and moral acts as more virtuous when the acts are psychologically distant than near. This is because people construe more distant situations in terms of moral principles, rather than attenuating situation-specific considerations. Results of four studies support these predictions. Study 1 shows that more temporally distant transgression...

We investigated whether and why the use of a foreign language influences moral judgment. We studied the trolley and footbridge dilemmas, which propose an action that involves killing one individual to save five. In line with prior work, the use of a foreign language increased the endorsement of such consequentialist actions for the footbridge dilemma, but not for the trolley dilemma. But contra...

The withdrawal, withholding, or implementation of life-sustaining treatments such as artificial nutrition and hydration challenge nurses on a daily basis. To meet these challenges, nurses need the composite skills of moral and ethical discernment, practical wisdom and a knowledge base that justifies reasoning and actions that support patient and family decision making. Nurses' moral knowledge d...

Actions can be moral or immoral, surely, but can also be prudent or imprudent, rude or polite, sportsmanlike or unsportsmanlike, and so on. The fact that diverse methods of evaluating action exist seems to give rise to a further question: what distinguishes moral evaluation in particular? In this article, my concern is methodological. I argue that any account of the distinctiveness of morality ...

To better understand the possibility, scope, and limits of punishment for groups we must understand how humans conceptualize group agents, interpret their actions, and make moral judgments about them. In this article I therefore examine the social-cognitive foundations for human perceptions of groups and the moral evaluations of their conduct. Part I identifies the conceptual framework within w...

This paper presents a model of agent behavior that takes into account emotions and moral values. In our proposal, when the description of the current situation reveals that an agent’s moral value is ‘at stake’, the moral goal of reestablishing the threatened value is included among the active goals. The compliance with values generates positive emotions like pride and admiration, while the oppo...

primordial nature, is the basis of islamic anthropology. according to the principles of transcendental philosophy could provide a tenable explanation of the nature. the nature in its specific sense is insight and tendencies of human nature. primordial nature can be regarded in terms of both ontological and epistemological notions. the nature in general epistemology could be defensible on the ba...

Ethics is the branch of philosophy that explores the nature of moral virtue and evaluates human actions. Philosophical ethics differs from legal, religious, cultural and personal approaches to ethics by seeking to conduct the study of morality through a rational, secular outlook that is grounded in notions of human happiness or well-being. A major advantage of a philosophical approach to ethics...

Previous studies support a link between moral disgust and impurity, while anger is linked to harm. We challenge this strict correspondence, and show that disgust is sensitive to information about moral character, even for harm violations. By contrast, anger is sensitive to information about actions, including their moral wrongness and consequences. Study 1 examined disgust and anger toward an a...