in this study, the situation of iran, u.s and turkey's pistachio export is investigated. to this purpose, revealed comparative advantage (rca) index is calculated based on agricultural and total economy export, separately, then forecasted by using auto- regressive integrated moving average (arima) approached, for 2008-2013. the results show that considering both commodity baskets, turkey and ir...

We construct cooperative diversity coding schemes that mitigate the effects of symbol asynchronicity among network users. We do so by modifying, at the expense of implementation practicality, the signaling complexity of well behaved existing schemes. The modification allows the same good performance (DMT optimality) in the presence of synchronicity, and almost-surely permits full-diversity gain...

Modeling Monetary Accommodation: Begin with the assumption that there is an Okun gap: a shortfall of aggregate demand producing mass unemployment. In order to fight this Okun gap, the central bank is going to lower its policy rate r and follow an accommodative monetary policy for some period of time. For simplicity, assume that the amount of time that accommodative policy will be followed is st...

evaluating and selecting alternatives investment projects needs considering all relevant and important aspects. in traditional methods, the focus is just on tangible monetary criteria. also in the traditional methods, either all the information’s about factors must be known precisely or sufficient objective data must be available for applying probability theory. in this paper, a combinative app...

This paper studies the implications of certain kinds of uncertainty for monetary policy. It first describes the optimum policy rule in a simple model of the transmission mechanism as in Ball and Svensson. It then examines how this rule ought to be modified when there is uncertainty about the parameters, about the time lags, or about the nature of shocks. The paper also discusses the case of a s...

This paper has a twofold objective. First, we develop a new method to assess the monetary value for individuals of external effects. The method makes use of an ordinal index of life satisfaction as scored by individual respondents who are subjected in varying intensity to the external effect. Our second objective is to assess, with this method, to what extent noise nuisance effects around Amste...

This paper addresses an autonomous stochastic system with delay and associated fuzzy and hybrid models, which describe a monetary system involving interest rate, investment demand and price index. We analyze the deterministic model and the stochastic model with perturbation. For the stochastic system with delay we identify the differential equations for the mean values as well as for the mean s...

S ince the early 1990s, a number of central banks have adopted numerical inflation targets as a guide for monetary policy. The targets are intended to help central banks achieve and maintain price stability by specifying an explicit goal for monetary policy based on a given time path for a particular measure of inflation. In some cases the targets are expressed as a range for inflation over tim...

Several studies in the economic literature have examined the usefulness of leading indicators in forecasting GDP changes. The two main sources of information used in this direction are (a) indexes of consumer and business sentiment and (b) monetary and financial data. Consumer and business sentiment indexes are based on sample surveys conducted by both national statistical services and industry...