Our aim in this article is to show how modularity is defined and used in some current modeling languages based on meta-meta-models. These languages are the MOF (Meta Object Facility) [MOF1997] submission which has been submitted to the OMG (Object Management Group) and CDIF [Ernst1997] (Case Data Interchange Format) as defined by the CDIF technical committee and standardized by the Electronic I...

Water adsorption in porous materials is important for many applications such as dehumidification, thermal batteries, and delivery of drinking water in remote areas. In this study, we have identified three criteria for achieving high performing porous materials for water adsorption. These criteria deal with condensation pressure of water in the pores, uptake capacity, and recyclability and water...

The basic structures for linking squares into polyhedra and networks (reticulation) are enumerated, and corresponding examples are described in which crystals were synthesized by linking paddle wheel (square) units into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)--named MOF-102 to MOF-112.

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are expanding to a major social-economic burden in the Western World and undermine man's deep desire for healthy ageing. Epidemiological studies suggest that flavanol-rich foods (e.g. grapes, wine, chocolate) sustain cardiovascular health. For an evidenced-based application, however, sound clinical data on their efficacy are strongly demanded. METHODS In a d...

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes have been used to ascertain individuals who are obese. There has been limited research about the predictive value of ICD-coded obesity for major chronic conditions at the population level. We tested the utility of ICD-coded obesity versus measured obesity for predicting incident major osteoporotic fracture (MOF), after adjusting for covariate...

Higher order multiphoton-pumped polarized lasers have fundamental technological importance. Although they can be used to in vivo imaging, their application has yet to be realized. Here we show the first polarized three-photon-pumped (3PP) microcavity laser in a single host-guest composite metal-organic framework (MOF) crystal, via a controllable in situ self-assembly strategy. The highly orient...

The controlled formation of MOF-based superstructures with well-defined nanoscale sizes and exquisite morphologies represents a big challenge, but can trigger a new set of properties distinct from their bulk counterparts. Here we report on the use of a self-assembled organic object to template the first example of a nanoscale metal–organic framework (MOF) with a helical morphology. Two prototyp...

The concept and occurrence of isoreticular (same topology) series of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is reviewed. We describe the preparation, characterization, and crystal structures of three new MOFs that are isoreticular expansions of known materials with the tbo (Cu(3)(4,4',4''-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl-tris(benzene-4,1-diyl))tribenzoate)(2), MOF-399) and pto topologies (Cu(3)(4,4',4''-(benzene-...

Reducing anthropogenic carbon emission is a problem that requires immediate attention. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a promising new materials platform for carbon capture, of which Mg-MOF-74 offers chemospecific affinity toward CO2 because of the open Mg sites. Here we tune the binding affinity of CO2 for M-MOF-74 by metal substitution (M = Mg, Ca, and the first transition met...

Using a density functional theory calculation including van der Waals (vdW) corrections, we report that H2 adsorption in a cubic-crystalline microporous metal-organic framework (MOF-5) leads to volume shrinkage, which is in contrast to the intuition that gas adsorption in a confined system (e.g., pores in a material) increases the internal pressure and then leads to volumetric expansion. This e...