this paper surveys economic growth and energy consumption relationship by new econometric methods in different sectors of iran. this study uses panel error correction model and panel co integration and causality tests to investigate short run and long run relationship between energy and value added growth in different sectors of iran’s economy with regards to energy price in the time period of ...

Successful learning hinges on the evaluation of positive and negative feedback. We assessed differential learning from reward and punishment in a monetary reinforcement learning paradigm, together with cardiac concomitants of positive and negative feedback processing. On the behavioral level, learning from reward resulted in more advantageous behavior than learning from punishment, suggesting a...

This paper presents an adaptive iterative learning control scheme that is applicable to a class of nonlinear systems. The control scheme guarantees system stability and boundedness by using the feedback controller coupled with the fuzzy compensator and achieves precise tracking by using the iterative learning rules. In the feedback plus fuzzy compensator unit, the feedback control part stabiliz...

This paper presents an intelligent iterative learning control scheme that is applicable to a class of nonlinear systems. The presented controller guarantees system stability by using a feedback controller coupled with an intelligent compensator and achieves precise tracking by using a set of iterative learning rules. In the feedback plus intelligent controller unit, the feedback control part st...

introduction: evaluation of students’ learning in clinical education system is one of the most important and challenging issues that facilities in this field have been facing. the present study aimed to evaluate the role of feedback during evaluation in increasing emergency medicine residents’ clinical skills. method: the present experimental study was performed on all second year emergency med...

Feedback plays an interesting role in perceptual learning. The complex pattern of empirical results concerning the role of feedback in perceptual learning rules out both a pure supervised mode and a pure unsupervised mode of learning and leads some researchers to the proposal that feedback may change the learning rate through top-down control but does not act as a teaching signal in perceptual ...

Initiation, Response, and Feedback(IRF) sequences are the most frequent interaction network in any classroom contexts. IRF sequences have been examined profusely in previous studies and were reported to be negatively correlated with participation opportunities (Kasper, 2006; Cazden, 2001; Ellis, 1994).In all these studies, all contingent factors of any classroom context which might influence in...

To efficiently learn from feedback, cortical networks need to update synaptic weights on multiple levels of cortical hierarchy. An effective and well-known algorithm for computing such changes in synaptic weights is the error backpropagation algorithm. However, in this algorithm, the change in synaptic weights is a complex function of weights and activities of neurons not directly connected wit...

this paper presents a new control scheme for a class of nonlinear systems. in the proposed method, an adaptive neural network observer with rise feedback controller are applied to realize sensorless control scheme. this observer is tuned online and no exact information of nonlinear term of plant is required. so, this characteristic can compensate mismodeling phenomena. also, a new controller ca...