We investigate the effect of the so-called anomalous baryon/meson enhancement to the nuclear modification factor of non-photonic electrons in Au+Au collisions at √ sNN = 200 GeV. It is demonstrated that an enhancement of the charm baryon/meson ratio, as it is observed for non-strange and strange hadrons, can be responsible for part of the amplitude of the nuclear modification factor of non-phot...

The ATLAS detector at the LHC obtained the sample of p+Pb data at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV with integrated luminosity of 25 nb−1, which can be compared to the pp data obtained by interpolating pp measurements at √ s = 2.76 TeV and 7 TeV. Due to the excellent capabilities of the ATLAS detector, and its stable operation in heavy ion as well as proton–proton physics runs, the data allow measurements of th...

Eukaryotic transcription involves the synergistic interaction of many different proteins. However, the question remains how eukaryotic promoters achieve ultrasensitive or threshold responses to changes in the concentration or activity of a single transcription factor (TF). We show theoretically that by recruiting a histone-modifying enzyme, a TF binding non-cooperatively to a single site can ch...

Posttranslational histone modifications associated with actively expressed genes are generally believed to be introduced primarily by histone-modifying enzymes that are recruited by transcription factors or their associated co-activators. We have performed a comprehensive spatial and temporal analyses of the histone modifications that are deposited upon activation of the MHC class II gene HLA-D...

The acceptance of public participation in science and technology governance in liberal democratic contexts is evident in the institutionalization of a variety of mechanisms for participation in recent decades. Yet questions remain about the extent to which institutions have actually transformed their policy practice to embrace democratic governance of techno-scientific decision making. A critic...

Calorie restriction, or caloric restriction (CR), is a dietary regimen thought to improve health and slow the aging process in some animals and fungi by limiting dietary energy intake below the average needs. CR is the only dietary intervention which has been documented to increase both the median and maximum lifespan in a variety of species, among them rodents, yeast, fishes and dogs. The life...

Gene therapy is currently being explored as a new therapeutic treatment of autoimmune disease. The genetic modification of autoreactive memory T cells (T cell-mediated gene therapy) and autoimmune target tissue (target tissue gene therapy) to produce immunoregulatory cytokines offers a promising way to regulate autoimmunity. Furthermore, regenerative gene therapy offers the possibility of deliv...

1. Describe the complex interactions between nutrition and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS. 2. Describe the risk factors that contribute to malnutrition in HIV/AIDS. 3. Explain how to conduct a nutritional assessment of children and adults. 4. Explain how to determine nutrient needs of children and adults. 5. Describe how to classify malnutrition. 6. Describe nutrition intervention stra...

We demonstrate the successful application of DNA thin films as dynamic bio-spacers in a surface plasmon-coupled emission platform. Site-directed DNA modification using silver and carbon nanomaterials resulted in an amplified Purcell factor (PF) and >130-fold fluorescence enhancements. We present unique architectures of DNA as a plasmonic spacer in metal-dielectric-metal substrates.