undoubtedly the founder of any knowledge is who laid the cornerstone of that. on the base of many narratives, imam ali (as) is the founder of arabic grammar who directed abul asvad addoali to expand arabic grammar. but some of modern scholars imitated some orientalists and on the base of a few narratives denied that the founder of arabic grammar is imam ali (as). they also refused to accept the...

! The Judeo-Arabic languages comprise a set of dialects spoken and written by Jewish communities living in Arab countries, mainly during the middle ages. Judeo-Arabic is typically written in Hebrew letters, enriched with various diacritic marks. The Judeo-Arabic spoken and written by any particular Jewish community is similar to the Arabic dialect used by their local Muslim community. In additi...

The efficiency and correctness of continuous Arabic Speech Recognition Systems (ARS) hinge on the accuracy of the language phoneme set. The main goal of this research is to recognize and transcribe Arabic phonemes using a data-driven approach. We used the Hidden Markov Toolkit (HTK) to develop a phoneme recognizer, carrying out several experiments with different parameters, such as varying numb...

This paper provides an analysis of Al-ibdaal 'substitution' phenomenon found in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) derivational processes, particularly, in the pattern ftaʕal. Al-ibdaal 'substitution' is defined in many Arabic morphological books (Al-Raagihi, 1984; Al-Galaayiini, 1991) as removing a letter and replacing it by another. For example, the /t/ in ztaha: is replaced by /d/ resulting in zda...

abstract: both estrangement and alienation press in certain mental and physical complications in man’s life and force him to experience mental deficiency, and feel a lack of positive communal or individual sense of belonging. however, the jahili sense of these terms is quite different from their modern application. in the jahili period, old age and senility are the main reasons for such inconve...