AIM Many individuals play an instrument or sing during childhood, but they often stop later in life. This study surveyed adults representative of the Swedish population about musical activities during childhood. METHODS We asked 3820 adults (65% women) aged from 27 to 54 from the Swedish Twin Registry, who took extra music lessons to those provided at school, to fill in a web-based questionna...

Music information retrieval background. The perception and cognition of musically similar songs is a well-known research topic in the MIR community. There has been much work in the auditive area [e.g. Logan, 2001; Aucouturier, 2002]. More recent approaches investigate the influence of cultural factors on similarity through the use of metadata [Whitman 2002]. Possible bi-modal combinations of au...

Deciding whether a modal formula is satisfiable with respect to a given set of (global) assumptions is a question of fundamental importance in applications of logic in computer science. Tableau methods have proved extremely versatile for solving this problem for many different individual logics but they typically do not meet the known complexity bounds for the logics in question. Recently, it h...

We generalize Venema’s result on the canonicity of the additivity of positive terms, from classical modal logic to a vast class of logics the algebraic semantics of which is given by varieties of normal distributive lattice expansions (normal DLEs), aka ‘distributive lattices with operators’. We provide two contrasting proofs for this result: the first is along the lines of Venema’s pseudocorre...

Preconjugal ciliates learn classical repetition error-correction codes to safeguard mating messages and replies from corruption by "rivals" and local ambient noise. Because individual cells behave as memory channels with Szilárd engine attributes, these coding schemes also might be used to limit, diagnose, and correct mating-signal errors due to noisy intracellular information processing. The p...

Godel's translation of intuitionistic formulas into modal ones provides the well-known embedding of intermediate logics into extensions of Lewis' system S4, which re ects and sometimes preserves such properties as decidability, Kripke completeness, the nite model property. In this paper we establish a similar relationship between intuitionistic modal logics and classical bimodal logics. We als...

In a recent article, ‘Sttepping in the right direction? Western classical music in an orchestral programme for disadvantaged African youth’, ‘sttepping’ was noted as no spelling error. The same applies here; reference is to STTEP Music School, an outreach project at the University of Pretoria. STTEP teaches the playing of orchestral instruments, plus background areas like music theory, to disad...

Lovers of classical music may disagree about many things, but if you ask them to name the ideal musical form they will almost all say it is the string quartet. There are many reasons why the quartet has this revered place in the musical repertoire. The intimacy of the form allows composers to express profound ideas and emotions that are more diluted in their symphonies, concertos and operas. Pr...

Many myths, theories, and speculations exist as to the exact etiology of the diseases that affected famous artistic painters, composers of classical music, and political leaders. Illness can profoundly affect the productivity and creativity of those who are ill (1). Clinical chemistry, had it existed during the lifetimes of various wellknown individuals, might have unraveled the mysteries of th...