Cytochrome caa3, a cytochrome c oxidase from Thermus thermophilus, has been purified and extensively characterized as a two-subunit enzyme containing the metal centers characteristic of cytochrome c oxidases (cytochromes a and a3; copper centers CuA and CuB) and an additional cytochrome c (Fee, J. A., Kuila, D., Mather, M. W., and Yoshida, T. (1986) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 853, 153-185). We have...

chloroacetaldehyde (caa) is a chlorination by-product in finished drinking water and a toxic metabolite of a wide variety of industrial chemicals (e.g. vinyl chloride) and chemotherapeutic agents (e.g. cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide). in this research, the cytotoxic mechanisms of caa in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes were investigated.caa cytotoxicity was associated with reactive oxygen spec...

Several European freshwater crayfish species are currently included in one of the IUCN Red list categories. In Iberian Peninsula, native Austropotamobius pallipes complex (the white clawed crayfish, WCC) has experienced a drastic decline since 1973. Implementing conservation management strategies for this requires better understanding patterns and structure its genetic diversity. study, we asse...

The algae of the family Chlamydomonadaceae lack the gene cox3 that encodes subunit III of cytochrome c oxidase in their mitochondrial genomes. This observation has raised the question of whether this subunit is present in cytochrome c oxidase or whether the corresponding gene is located in the nucleus. Cytochrome c oxidase was isolated from the colorless chlamydomonad Polytomella spp., and the ...

Nuclear mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae assigned to complementation group G34 are respiratory-deficient and lack cytochrome oxidase activity and the characteristic spectral peaks of cytochromes a and a(3). The corresponding gene was cloned by complementation, sequenced, and identified as reading frame YGR062C on chromosome VII. This gene was named COX18. The COX18 gene product is a polypept...

We describe a new maternally inherited maize mutation, nonchromosomal stripe 5 (NCS5), that adversely affects plant growth and yield. Mutant plants are characterized by reduced height, defective yellow striping on leaves, and aborted kernels on ears. NCS5 striped plants carry both normal and partially deleted versions of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 gene and exhibit greatly re...

Recent studies from East Asia and Canadian National Collection of Insects have established the utility of DNA barcoding technique in identification of true bugs. The present study is an expansion of the database by adding mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (mtCOI) sequences from forty three species of indigenous true bugs of India. mtCOI gene analysis of infraorder Pentatomomorpha covering a ...

We previously found that the soxABCD operon encodes a quinol oxidase complex in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and this enzyme was purified and characterized. In this study, we have used a cloning procedure based on the conservation of oxidase sequences and the polymerase chain reaction to isolate a new gene (soxM) encoding a subunit of another terminal oxidase. This terminal oxidase is a fusion bet...

Function of the cyanide-sensitive mitochondrial electron transport system was required for germination of the Zea mays embryo. Respiration of the standard electron transport system (rather than the alternate oxidase) began immediately upon initiation of imbibition. This respiration depended upon cytochrome c oxidase and ATPase that were conserved in an active form in the quiescent embryo rather...

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity and the protective role of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibition were evaluated at the mitochondrial level in various regions of the adolescent rat brain. Four groups of adolescent male Wistar rats were used: (1) saline control, (2) exposed to MDMA (4 x 10 mg/kg, i.p.; two hourly), (3) treated with selegiline (2 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min...