BACKGROUND Air pollution is a common alibi used by adolescents taking up smoking and by smokers uncertain about quitting. However, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) causes fine particulate matter (PM) indoor pollution exceeding outdoor limits, while new engines and fuels have reduced particulate emissions by cars. Data comparing PM emission from ETS and a recently released diesel car are presen...

The characteristics of particulate matter (PM) emitted from residual fuel oil combustion in two types of combustion equipment were compared. A small commercial 732 kW rated fire-tube boiler yielded a weakly bimodal particulate size distribution (PSD) with over 99% of the mass contained in a broad coarse mode and only a small fraction of the mass in an accumulation mode consistent with ash vapor...

Particulate matter (PM) represents an air quality management challenge for confined swine production systems. Due to the limited space and ventilation rate, PM can reach relatively high concentrations in barns. barns possesses different physical, chemical, biological characteristics than that atmosphere other indoor environments. As a result, it exerts environmental health effects creates some ...

Particulate matter of vehicle exhaust is known to contain carcinogenic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and is suggested to increase lung cancer risk in humans. This study examines the differences in diesel and gasoline-derived PAH binding to DNA in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). Particulate matter (PM) of gasoline exhaust was collected from passenger ...

Porous media has interesting features in compared with free flame combustion due to the extended of the lean flammability limits and lower emissions. Advanced new generation of internal combustion (IC) engines are expected to have far better emissions levels both gaseous and particulate matter, at the same time having far lower fuel consumption on a wide range of operating condition. These c...

Title of Document: SOURCE DEPENDENT VARIATION IN HYDROXYL RADICAL PRODUCTION BY AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER AND THE IMPACT ON BEAS-2B AND JB6 CELLS. Marjan Alaghmand, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Directed By: Professor Neil V. Blough, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Numerous studies have shown an association between increased levels of particulate matter (PM) and the exacerbation of lung...

Airborne particulate matter (PM) increases morbidity and mortality resulting from cardiopulmonary diseases including cancer. We hypothesized that PM is genotoxic to alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) by causing DNA damage and apoptosis. PM caused dose-dependent AEC DNA strand break formation, reductions in mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi m), caspase 9 activation, and apoptosis. An iron...

Mining activities mainly deal with the excavation of raw material from earth’s crust. The sources of particulate matter (PM) emission in opencast coal mines include blasting and drilling operations, coal handling plant operation, loading and transport of overburden and coal by shovel-dumper combination, crushing, conveying and handling of overburden by draglines, and vehicular emission from unp...

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is estimated to be a major contributor to indoor PM concentration and human exposures to fine particulate matter of 2.5 microns or smaller (PM2.5). The Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation for Particulate Matter (SHEDS-PM) model developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency estimates distributions of outdoor and indoor PM2.5 exposure for a specif...

The US Environmental Protection Agency is currently assessing the need for a National Ambient Air Quality Standard for the coarse fraction of particulate material (PMCF), specifically, the fraction of particulate matter between 2.5 and 10 μm in aerodynamic equivalent diameter. EPA is primarily relying on epidemiological studies that examine the possible health effects of PMCF to reach a decisio...