The establishment and rise of modern missionary girls' schools opened a precedent for women's education. This paper studies the development missionaries to China run schools, Chinese self-run relationship between mission schools. It demonstrates critical role church in promoting

the cultural relation between iran and france was a result of the russians' wars against iran. hence, the cultural activities of the french lazariste missionaries, especially among the christian society of iran, make an important part of this relation and a portion of unknown history of the qajar era that has not been much investigated and reflected. from mohammad shah's period (1250–...

Persian gardens are valuable historical and cultural human-built landscapes however, deteriorating gradually. Thus, comprehensive studies would be helpful in obtaining deeper insights into different aspects meaning of gardens. The descriptive-analytical approach was used to review the EmaratBirooni garden Urmia (Campus University) as it is only remnant Qajar period demonstrating a clear image p...

Globalization can be impressively illustrated through a critical examination of the Jesuits as they existed until the late eighteenth century.1 I want to describe a particular aspect of the early history of the region today identifi ed as Northern Mexico and Southern Arizona, commonly called ‘Sonora,’ before I turn my attention to a discussion of a publication refl ecting the universal outreach...

Before heading to a 'tropical' region of the Empire, British men and women spent considerable time and effort gathering outfit believed essential for their impending trip. Ordinary items such as soap, clothing, foodstuffs and bedding became transformed into potentially life-saving items that required the fastidious attention of any would-be traveller. Everyone from scientists and physicians to ...

The paper presents two examples of non-traditional uses of program specialization by Turchin’s supercompilation method. In both cases we are interested in syntactical properties of residual programs produced by supercompilation. In the first example we apply supercompilation to a program encoding a word equation and as a result we obtain a program representing a graph describing the solution se...

This article examines ideas of morality and health, and connections between moral transgression and disease in both Scottish missionary and Central African thought in the context of the Livingstonia Mission of the Presbyterian Free Church of Scotland in Malawi during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. By concentrating on debates, conflicts and co-operation between missionaries a...

This paper explores the trade relation between Banten and Portugal in last three-quarters of sixteenth century, with special reference to reign period Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin (1546-1570). The mutual relationship these two political entities absence rulers alignment Muslim kings Archipelago against are also paid due attention. used historical method, which comprises four following steps: heuri...