The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) as part an integrated control program, both in highly endemic settings and during epidemics. available internationally recommended WHO-prequalified OCVs (Dukoral, Shanchol, Euvichol) contain multiple heat formalin-killed V. cholerae strains Inaba Ogawa serotypes. MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. ...

Objective:To determine the effectiveness of prone positioning in patients covid-19 deisease presented with respiratory failure. Study Design: Retrospective/Observational study Place and Duration: Medicine department BKMC/MMC, Mardan Mohiuddin Teaching Hospital, Mirpur AJK for six months during period from August 2020 to January 2021. Methods: Total 100 failure admitted ICU were included this st...

Drinking water quality is a major problem in Pakistan, especially the Abbottabad region of Pakistan. The main objective this study was to use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and integrated Geographic Information System (GIS)-based statistical model estimate spatial distribution exceedance levels groundwater parameters related health risks for two union councils (Mirpur Jhangi) located Abbott...

Although fish are often recommended as a component of healthy diet, the environmental accumulation heavy metals in many species has been considerable concern for those weighing nutritional health benefits against adverse toxic outcome excess intake metals. This study aimed to determine concentration essential and tissues Catla catla Mangla Lake assess possible risk consumers. Fifty samples were...

The ethanolic extract of leaves of Acalypha hispida was evaluated for phytochemical, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, reducing sugars and steroids. Cytotoxic activity was investigated by brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality assay. The extract showed potent cytotoxic effect (LC50 19.95μg/ml) which is compa...

In 2010, Rashidul Haque spent a week at Washington University in St. Louis getting up to speed on a seemingly unpleasant task: the art and practice of collecting and storing human excrement. By learning the necessary steps for sample preservation and DNA extraction, Haque, who has spent the past 25 years developing new ways of diagnosing pathogens from clinical stool samples as head of the para...

Pakistan ranks third in the world terms of mortality attributable to air pollution, with aerosol mass concentrations (PM2.5) consistently well above WHO (World Health Organization) quality guidelines (AQG). However, regulation is dependent on a sparse network monitoring stations and insufficient ground data. This study utilizes long-term observations aerosols trace gases characterize rank pollu...

Meeting the health needs of ethnic minority populations requires understanding their culture and adapting services appropriately. The medical benefits of routine male circumcision are controversial, both in medical and ethical terms, with tangible though rare dangers and possible benefits. 3 Routine male circumcision for cultural and religious reasons is vexing professionals, parents, and decis...

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner was grown in a mesoscale culture by sowing seeds in cow dung compost and loamy soil (1 : 1). Rhizomes and young plantlets under ex-situ condition did not survive but germination was possible via seeds where the rate of germination was 50% and seedlings less than four months old also grew. Leaf area positively correlated with air temperature, water temperature, PAR, day...

About 30% poultry samples harboured Aeromonas spp. Sensitivity tests of 100 selected strains against 12 antibiotics revealed that 20 100% were resistant to nine and 18 85% were sensitive to eight antibiotics, respectively. All isolates showed multiple resistance to six to nine antibiotics and thus pose a risk for both chicken farms and public health. Aeromonads are major causative agents of inf...