Objective(s): The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ground black seeds on renal tubular cell apoptosis following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 5 equal groups including Sham, I/R model and three I/R+ black seeds (5, 10 and 20%)-treated groups. I/R groups’ kidneys were subjected to 60 min of isc...

The importance of an effective handover between clinicians is vital, particularly for junior doctors when commencing a new clinical rotation. When junior doctors commence a new rotation there is often a significant amount of new information and tasks that they must learn, whilst also maintaining a high level of care for patients. However, very little information is formally passed from the outg...

Otolaryngol Pol 2010; 64 (3): 136-146 SUMMARY This article reviewed the current state of the art in head and neck oncology. These include very important and stimulating new areas of interest including the marked acceptance of chemoradiation in favor of surgery in patients with cancer of the head and neck. The concept of HPV as a cause of cancer of the oropharynx is relatively new and very impor...