various novel techniques including ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and supercritical fluid extraction have been developed for the extraction of medicinal plants in order to shorten the extraction time, decrease the solvent consumption, increase the extraction yield, and enhance the quality of extracts. this review was conducted to introduce and compare the conventi...

The effects of microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment on pellets' characteristics and enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production using lignocellulosic biomass of canola straw and oat hull were investigated. The ground canola straw and oat hull were immersed in distilled water, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide solutions at two concentrations (0.75% and 1.5% w/v) and exposed to...

A microwave assisted extraction technique was developed to optimize the extraction of mucilage from the fruits of Abelmoschus esculentus plant. The plant has been extracted by conventional and microwave assisted methods for the isolation of mucilage. Microwave extraction at 160 W intensity and 40 min heating duration increase 11.55% in the yield of mucilage when compared to 1 h conventional hea...

The present study examines the possible antibacterial mechanism of action of the essential oil obtained from Chamaecyparis obtusa (COEO) sawdust against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. The COEO was obtained by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of C. obtusa sawdust. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of COEO against the tested foodbor...

2-Pyridones are important heterocyclic compounds that are widely used in medical chemistry, and their various derivatives have significant biological and medical applications. In this paper, the synthesis of 2-pyridones as well as 2-pyridone-based compounds, such as 2-quinolones, using microwave assisted organic chemistry is reviewed. The review is divided in three parts. In the first part, mic...

Advances in microwave technology permitted the development of new antigen labeling techniques. The recent microwave development of a true variable wattage unit designed for laboratory use and an apparatus for dampening standing wave radiation patterns have allowed investigators to better control the conditions within a microwave cavity. Thus, operating limits thought to be endemic to microwave-...

Dendranthema indicum var. aromaticum, which is an aromatic plant with a strong and special fragrance throughout the whole plant, is used for the treatment of colds and headaches, and as a mosquito repellant in Shennongjia, Hubei province, China. To analyze the composition of the essential oil from this medicinal herb, we developed a gas chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method including ...

This paper mainly described the new instruments of microwave-promoted organic synthesis which were appraised, and several microwave-assisted synthetic reactions, such as esterification reaction, orthogonal experimental design and fentanyl synthetic reactions. In comparison with traditional methods of organic synthesis, microwave-assisted chemistry could make high-speed processing of chemical tr...

An efficient synthesis of a methyl derivative of the indoloquinoline alkaloid cryptosanguinolentine based on microwave-assisted reactions is described. The microwave-assisted synthesis of an intermediate 4-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline yielded 86% of the desired product and other intermediates prepared yielded high % of products in shorter reaction times, under optimum conditions, as compared to tr...