The inflammatory reaction in regional enteritis is characteristically transmural, with affected loops of intestine frequently becoming attached to adjacent structures. As a result, deep ulcerations and fissures commonly lead to fistula formation rather than to free perforation into the peritoneal cavity. Over the past three years, we have encountered five cases of regional enteritis with free p...

Small intestine can be obstructed by mechanical obstructions (strangulations, intraluminal masses) and functional obstructions (proximal enteritis, anterior enteritisi, duodenitis-jejunitis). Despite some differences between proximal enteritis and surgical diseases of the small intestine, there is no single distinguishing feature. Borborygmi are usually diminished or absent in all small intesti...

Cyclospora is recently described new human pathogenic coccidian causing intermittent diarrhoeal enteritis which may persist for weeks or months in immunocompetent subjects, particularly travellers visiting some tropical areas and countries, such as Nepal, the Caribbean, Peru and Mexico. More rarely this enteric pathogen affects immunocompromised humans, namely HIV-infected people or AIDS patien...

Following resections for ulcerative colitis and granulomatous enteritis there is a significant rise in serum IgM levels. The rise seen in IgM following resection does not occur after bypass surgery. No consistent changes were noted in the concentrations of IgA or IgG. There was no observed difference noted between patients with ulcerative colitis and granulomatous enteritis in the IgM response ...

The Clostridium perfringens necrotic enteritis B-like toxin (NetB) is a recently discovered member of the β-barrel pore-forming toxin family and is produced by a subset of avian C. perfringens type A strains. NetB is cytotoxic for avian cells and is associated with avian necrotic enteritis. This review examines the current state of knowledge of NetB: its role in pathogenesis, its distribution a...

A necropsy survey of Laysan albatross, Diomedea immutabilis, chicks on Midway Atoll in June 1993, 1994, and 1995 revealed 54% (21/39), 67% (49/71), and 93% (15/16), respectively, to have enteritis as the most severe pathologic finding. The lesion was limited to the ileum, ceca, and large intestine. We were unable to attribute a single infectious etiology to this lesion. Many birds with enteriti...

Beta2-toxin, encoded by cpb2, is implicated in the pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens enteritis. However, cpb2 genes from nonporcine C. perfringens isolates were not always expressed, at least in vitro. Nucleotide sequencing identified atypical cpb2 genes with 70.2 to 70.7% DNA identity to previously identified (consensus) cpb2. Atypical beta2-toxin displayed 62.3% identity and 80.4% simil...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is usually subclinical in immunocompetent individuals, however it can be life threatening in an elderly immunocompetent individual. We report a case of CMV enteritis causing ileal perforation in a physically active elderly man. An 88-year-old healthy man presented with abdominal pain and diarrhea. After initial conservative treatment, emergency laparotomy was per...