In the present study, the genotoxic effects of the low-calorie sweetener aspartame (ASP), which is a dipeptide derivative, was investigated using chromosome aberration (CA) test, sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test, micronucleus test in human lymphocytes and also Ames/Salmonella/ microsome test. ASP induced CAs at all concentrations (500, 1000 and 2000 mg/ml) and treatment periods (24 and 48 h...

an experimental study was accomplished to compare estimation methods of ionizing radiations genotoxicity in mammalian cell cultures by means of two cytogenetic parameters with focus on aberrant cells characterized by multiple chromosomal damages.in vitro study was carried out on the genotoxicity of low-medium doses of 190 kv x-rays absorbed in chinese hamster ovary cell cultures. micronuclei an...

purpose: the aim of this study was to test the in vitro sensitivity of lymphocytes of patients with head and neck cancer against gamma irradiation and also to find out if the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations correlate with side effects of radiotherapy. patients and methods : peripheral blood of 101 patients with head and neck cancer was collected before the onset of radiotherapy, cultured...

Antibodies directed against whole histone and purified lysine-rich histone H1 extracted f rom isolated macronuclei of the ciliate Tetrahymena were obtained and conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate. The fluorescein-antibody conjugates were used to directly label Tetrahymena cells. Both macroand micronuclei were visibly fluorescent in cells stained with anti-whole histone conjugate. However ,...

Most carcinomas present some form of chromosome instability in combination with spindle defects. Numerical instability is likely caused by spindle aberrations, but the origin of breaks and translocations remains elusive. To determine whether one mechanism can bring about both types of instability, we studied the relationship between DNA damage and spindle defects. Although lacking apparent repa...

The radiotracer technetium-99m methoxyisobutyl isonitrile ((99m)Tc-MIBI) has been widely used for myocardial blood flow imaging. We investigated the genotoxicity of (99m)Tc-MIBI in cultured human lymphocytes at the same concentration used in patients. Radioactivity doses were determined in whole blood at 5 min post-injection of 20 mCi (99m)Tc-MIBI in patients. Subsequently, whole blood of human...

Chemoprotection by diet-derived antioxidants has emerged as a cost-effective approach in preventing genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of S-allylcysteine (SAC) and lycopene against N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced genotoxicity. Quantification of bone marrow micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations in male Wistar rats was use...

The alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) was applied to study the genotoxic properties of silica in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The study was designed to evaluate the DNA damage of lymphocytes and the end points like micronuclei from buccal smears in a group of 45 workers, occupationally exposed to silica, from small mines and stone quarries. The results were com...

Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with an increased risk of gastric carcinogenesis. These non-invasive bacteria colonize the gastric mucosa and constitutively shed small outer membrane vesicles (OMV). In this study, we investigated the direct effect of H.pylori OMV on cellular events associated with carcinogenesis. We observed increased micronuclei formation in AGS human gastr...

Patients with chronic renal disease have an increased incidence of cancer. It is well known that long periods of hemodialysis treatment are linked to DNA damage due to oxidative stress. This genotoxic effect may cause the loss of chromosome fragments, or even entire chromosomes, which form micronuclei after cell division, and can be detected by the micronucleus test. In the present case-control...