PREMA B. R. (National Chemical Laboratory, Poona, India) AND P. K. BHATTACHARYYA. Microbiological transformation of terpenes. II. Transformations of apinene. Appl. Microbiol. 10:524-528. 1962.-Several strains of fungi were tested for their ability to metabolize a-pinene in shake cultures. A strain of Aspergillus niger showing marked efficiency in this respect was selected for further studies. T...

one on endocrinology, should provide the student with an excellent overall view of the integration of organic systems. "Genetics and Evolution" contains a reasonably clear and detailed discussion of the principles and problems in these fields, including gene action, the origin of life, and a good summary of the evidence for evolution. Some may feel that this section should come before that on v...

notes on pathogens 1. Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus produces six types of enterotoxins (A to F). The type A is most often incriminated in outbreaks of staphylococcal food poisoining. Acute staphylococcal food poisoining is caused by the ingestion of preformed toxin contaminated food (often diary products). The incubation period is 2-6 hours and it is associated with an acute onset of nausea ...

Mumps virus infection is normally diagnosed by serologic testing. Identification of mumps-specific IgM antibodies in serum or plasma by enzyme immunoassay analysis (EIA) in samples taken during the acute phase is the most-widely used serologic test for the diagnosis of mumps, due to its simplicity, high sensitivity and specificity. When the infection cannot be confirmed by serologic tests, the ...

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Gonorrhoea is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This is a delicate and fastidious organism which dies rapidly if exposed to desiccating or oxidising conditions and requires a moist carbon dioxide enriched atmosphere and a nutrient medium if it is to be cultured successfully. For these reasons diagnosis by culture was regarded as difficult and uncertain, but many decades ago the problems were ove...

Although vitamin B12 can be assayed biologically with mice, chicks or rats, the microbiological method of assay is preferred since it is more rapid and economical. One serious shortcoming of many microbiological B12 assay procedures is the lack of specificity when crude materials are assayed. Crude materials can contain inhibitory or stimulatory factors which cause serious errors in assay resul...