the gathas, consisted of seventeen hymns, are the oldest literary work in iran. these hymns are composed in a syllabic meter and poetical language. in recent centuries, many scholarshave studied the gathas andhave consideredtheir poetic features. some scholars have tried to reveal gathas’ poetic technique on the bases of intertextual evidence, and have compared them with rig-veda. in this artic...

Introduction Recent years have witnessed an upsurge of interest in metonymy. From cognitive to computational linguistics, researchers have finally realized that metonymy is ubiquitous in everyday language and that it constitutes an important focus of research. In cognitive linguistics, this has given rise to detailed studies of metonymy as a cognitive phenomenon (Kövecses and Radden, 1998; Peir...

This paper describes an infrastructure that has been designed to deal with corpus-based variations that do not fall within the primary, physical variation of action verbs. We have first established three main categories of secondary variation--metaphor, metonymy and idiom--and criteria for creating types within these categories for each verb. The criteria rely heavily on the images that compose...

1. From Structuralist Semantics to Cognitive Linguistics When Roman Jakobson pulled metaphor and metonymy to the center of the stage in linguistics and poetics, structuralists were trying to account for meaning by means of a componential model of clearly defined semantic elements (Jakobson, "Closing Statement"). Inspired by the success of Vladimir Propp's structuralist narratology, which attemp...

What is the difference between description and explanation in linguistics? We take explanation to be the reduction of description to independently motivated general principles. For language, a promising source of independently motivated general principles can be found in neuroscience, and especially computational neuroscience. As an example, we consider the notion of historical change in word m...

Graduate Institute of English, National Taiwan Normal University Abstract Since polysemy has multiple but related senses, finding any coherent system would seem impossible. But its senses are not random. When we look at inferences among them, it becomes clear that there must be a systematic structure of some kind. Based on the prototype theory, which views lexical items as constituting natural ...

The current paper presents a self-paced reading experiment investigating the processing time-course of unfamiliar metonymy relying on context that is either permanent (such as Producer-for-product metonymy) or circumstantial (i.e. Reference Transfer). Reading Time results for both metonymy types show significant differences from a Nonsensical control condition, but do not show significant diffe...