Introduction: Torque in orthodontics is vital in final positioning of the teeth during fixed appliance therapy. Torqueing of archwires is a significant factor in transferring the applied forces to the bracket which might cause deformation of the slot. Any deformation in the bracket slot can vary the torque prescription and thus can affect the tooth position. Aim: To evaluate and compare the def...

Biquandle brackets define invariants of classical and virtual knots links using skein biquandle-colored links. coloring quivers categorify the biquandle counting invariant in sense defining quiver-valued enhancements which decategorify to invariant. In this paper, we unite two ideas bracket quivers, providing new categorifications brackets. particular, our construction provides an infinite fami...

In an experimental study the bond strength of stainless steel, ceramic and plastic brackets to bovine enamel was investigated by tensile testing. The brackets were cemented to the enamel using a conventional two-paste orthodontic bonding resin, a light-cured, fluoride-releasing adhesive, a no-mix-orthodontic bonding resin and a light-curing glass ionomer cement. For evaluation of the experiment...

introduced in 1991 to save the clinician the time spent in preparing the adhesive for direct bonding and applying it to the bracket.1 The APC brackets, which are packaged in individual capsules for ease of identification and infection control, are applied with finger pressure.2 A uniform factory precoating purportedly ensures an even amount and consistency of composite beneath each bracket. Any...

The objective of this investigation was to assess and compare the in vitro tribological behaviour of four commercially available self-ligating bracket systems. The frictional characteristics of the Damon3, Speed, In-Ovation R, and Time2 bracket systems were studied using a jig that mimics the three-dimensional movements that occur during sliding mechanics. Each bracket system was tested on the ...

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Frictional forces are considered as important counterforce to orthodontic tooth movement. It is claimed that self-ligating brackets reduce the frictional forces. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the resistance to sliding in metallic and clear Damon brackets with the conventional brackets in a wet condition. MATERIALS AND METHOD The samples included 4 typ...