After recalling proofs of the Bell inequality based on the assumptions of separability and of noncontextuality, the most general noncontextual contrapositive conditional probabilities consistent with the Aspect experiment are constructed. In general these probabilities are not all positive.

BACKGROUND Measures assessing quality of life (QOL) in patients participating in comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CCR) have not been established in Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS To compare different types of QOL scales and to determine the impact of CCR on QOL in Japanese cardiac patients, 5 different types of questionnaires were assessed in 44 patients participating in CCR after acute myoc...

A match-to-sample shape-discrimination task was employed to measure the detectability of different types of transformations. To create the foils for this task, the standard object could be altered by adding a small hole (a topological property), adding small bumps to straight edges (a projective property), changing the relative orientations of parallel contours (an affine property), or stretchi...

Although many precision fabrication techniques have demonstrated the ability to produce microstructures and micro-devices with sub 100 nm accuracy, we are yet to see a scalable manufacturing process for large-area production. One promising solution to scalable microand nanofabrication is thermal roller imprinting. However, existing investigations on thermal roller imprinting revealed poor patte...

The use of low-energy femtosecond laser beam combined with chemical etching has been proven to be an efficient method to fabricate three-dimensional structures in fused silica. For high-volume application, this technology--like other serial processes--suffers from a moderate production rate. Here, we show that femtosecond laser can also be employed to fabricate silica molds and other patterned ...

Taylor dispersion--shear-induced enhancement of translational diffusion--is an important phenomenon with applications ranging from pharmacology to geology. Through experiments and simulations, we show that rotational diffusion is also enhanced for anisotropic particles in oscillatory shear. This enhancement arises from variations in the particle's rotation (Jeffery orbit) and depends on the str...

While colloidal suspensions of nonspherical particles have been studied for decades, most work has focused on describing their behavior in flows with simple time behavior. Little is known about their behavior in flows with complex variations in time, and in particular, the possibility of varying the flow to control the suspension’s properties. Here, we take advantage of a recent solution for th...

Multi-Agent Systems are often used for electronic business. Agents involved in such applications do not want to collaborate and strictly follow rules. In this paper we study interactions between such agents, and we propose a semantics of speech acts unifying various aspects that are generally handled separately by existing semantics: the intentional aspect, describing why an agent performs a gi...

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