INTRODUCTION Patients with severe traumatic brain injury are at a risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence, etiology, risk factors for development of ventilator-associated pneumonia and outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study was done in 72 patients with severe traumatic b...

The no reflow phenomenon can happen during elective or primary percutaneous coronary intervention. This phenomenon is thought to be a complex process involving multiple factors that eventually lead to microvascular obstruction and endothelial disruption. Key pathogenic components include distal atherothrombotic embolization, ischemic injury, reperfusion injury, and susceptibility of coronary mi...

We describe a microfabricated airway system integrated with computerized air-liquid two-phase microfluidics that enables on-chip engineering of human airway epithelia and precise reproduction of physiologic or pathologic liquid plug flows found in the respiratory system. Using this device, we demonstrate cellular-level lung injury under flow conditions that cause symptoms characteristic of a wi...

Severe physical-trauma can lead to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Currently, the only known treatment for ARDS is mechanical ventilation. However, if mechanical ventilation is applied inappropriately further injury and malfunction of the lungs may occur, and thus, causing a ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). VILI has several manifestations including volutraum...

Although life saving, mechanical ventilation can cause complications such as ventilator-induced lung injury and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm babies. The ventilator-induced lung injury is multi-factorial. There has been an introduction of a number of newer forms of mechanical ventilation, which are aimed to reduce such complications. These are based on sound physiologic principles ...

MicroRNA (miR)-146a is known to be overexpressed in osteoarthritis (OA). However, the role of miR-146a in OA has not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, we applied mechanical pressure of 10 MPa to human chondrocytes for 60 min in order to investigate the expression of miR-146a and apoptosis following the mechanical pressure injury. Normal human chondrocytes were transfected with an...

The rising awareness of the long-term health problems associated with concussions re-emphasizes the need for understanding the mechanical etiology of concussions. This article reviews past studies defining the common mechanisms for mild traumatic brain injury and summarizes efforts to convert the external input to the head (force, acceleration, and velocity) into estimates of motions and deform...

tendon never restores the complete biological and mechanical properties after healing. bone marrow and recently adipose tissue have been used as the sources of mesenchymal stem cells, which have been proven to enhance tendon healing. stromal vascular fraction (svf), derived from adipose tissue by an enzymatic digestion, represents an alternative source of multipotent cells, which undergo differ...

Citation: Moraes L, Silva PL, Thompson A, Santos CL, Santos RS, Fernandes MVS, Morales MM, Martins V, Capelozzi VL, de Abreu MG, Pelosi P and Rocco PRM (2018) Impact of Different Tidal Volume Levels at Low Mechanical Power on Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury in Rats. Front. Physiol. 9:318. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00318 Impact of Different Tidal Volume Levels at Low Mechanical Power on Ventilator-...

Stimulation of Rho signaling by pathologic mechanical stretch is a “second 1 hit” to Rho-independent lung injury induced by IL-6 2 3 4 5 6 Anna A. Birukova, Yufeng Tian, Angelo Meliton, Alan Leff, Tinghuai Wu, and 7 Konstantin G. Birukov 8 9 Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of 10 Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA 11 12 13 Run...