BACKGROUND Successful total knee replacement (TKR) requires accurate component placement and coronal plane malalignment of greater than 3o varus/valgus from the mechanical axis has been shown to predispose to early failure.1–3 An extramedullary alignment jig is most commonly used to identify the mechanical axis. The distal end of the jig should be centred over the ankle mortise, which can be di...

Long-range alignment ordering of fibroblasts have been observed in the vicinity of cancerous tumors and can be recapitulated with in vitro experiments. However, the mechanisms driving their ordering are not understood. Here, we show that local collision-driven nematic alignment interactions among fibroblasts are insufficient to explain observed long-range alignment. One possibility is that ther...

We consider grains with superparamagnetic inclusions and report two new condensed matter effects that can enhance the internal relaxation of the energy of a wobbling grain, namely, superparamagnetic Barnett relaxation, as well as, an increase of frequencies for which nuclear relaxation becomes important. This findings extends the range of grain sizes for which grains are thermally trapped, i.e....

Cell alignment is a critical factor to govern cellular behavior and function for various tissue engineering applications ranging from cardiac to neural regeneration. In addition to physical geometry, strain is a crucial parameter to manipulate cellular alignment for functional tissue formation. In this paper, we introduce a simple approach to generate a range of gradient static strains without ...

Cellular microenvironments are important in coaxing cells to behave collectively as functional, structured tissues. Important cues in this microenvironment are the chemical, mechanical and spatial arrangement of the supporting matrix in the extracellular space. In engineered tissues, synthetic scaffolding provides many of these microenvironmental cues. Key requirements are that synthetic scaffo...

Restoration of neutral alignment of the leg is an important factor affecting the long-term results of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Recent developments in computer-assisted surgery have focused on systems for improving TKA. In a prospective study two groups of 80 patients undergoing TKA had operations using either a computer-assisted navigation system or a conventional technique. Alignment of ...

OBJECTIVE Malalignment is associated with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), however, the optimal anatomic axis (AA) knee alignment measurement on a standard limb radiograph (SLR) is unknown. This study compares one-point (1P) and two-point (2P) AA methods using three knee joint centre locations and examines cross-sectional associations with symptomatic radiographic knee osteoarthritis (SRKOA), radiogr...

Nanoparticle alignment on the substrate attracts considerable attention due to its wide application in different fields, such as mechanical control, small size electronics, bio/chemical sensing, molecular manipulation, and energy harvesting. However, precise nanoparticle positioning and deposition control with high fidelity are still challenging. Herein, a straightforward strategy for high qual...

Dental Radiographs have a valuable aid in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases and the evaluation of treatment effects. Computer-based image acquisition and processing techniques will now further increase the importance of radiography in periodontal diagnosis. Digital Subtraction Radiography (DSR) requires a pair of images with identical gray-level distribution and projection geometry is neede...

PURPOSE To calculate the indirect costs of Patient Specific Instruments (PSI) based on an opportunity cost, cost of efforts and a supply chain cost model to compare PSI for value with conventional total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS In 81 patients the total (direct+indirect) cost of PSI-assisted TKA was compared with conventional TKA. Surgical times and coronal mechanical alignment were me...