Learning science requires higher-level (critical) thinking skills that need to be practiced in science classes. This study tested the effect of exam format on critical-thinking skills. Multiple-choice (MC) testing is common in introductory science courses, and students in these classes tend to associate memorization with MC questions and may not see the need to modify their study strategies for...

INTRODUCTION Devices for male circumcision (MC) are becoming available in 14 priority countries where MC is being implemented for HIV prevention. Understanding potential impact on demand for services is one important programmatic consideration because countries determine whether to scale up devices within MC programs. METHODS A population-based survey measuring willingness to undergo MC, assu...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence, target antigens and clinical associations of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in chronic hepatitis C without extrahepatic manifestations and in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) in two European centers. METHODS 50 sera from patients with chronic hepatitis C and 116 sera from HCV-associated MC were tested f...

Molecular computing (MC) utilizes the complex interaction of biomolecules and molecular biology protocols to e ect computation. Lab experiments in MC are unreliable, ine cient, unscalable, and expensive compared to conventional computing standards. A critical issue in MC is therefore to test protocols to minimize errors and mishaps that can thwart experiments when actually run in vitro. The pur...

In this paper, we aim at the automated unit coverage-based testing for embedded software. To achieve the goal, by analyzing the industrial requirements and our previous work on automated unit testing tool CAUT, we rebuild a new tool, SmartUnit, to solve the engineering requirements that take place in our partner companies. SmartUnit is a dynamic symbolic execution implementation, which supports...

INTRODUCTION Fusions of the anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase gene (ALK), ret proto-oncogene (RET), ROS proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase gene (ROS1), B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase gene (BRAF), and neuregulin 1 gene (NRG1) and intronic MMNG HOS Transforming gene (MET) mutations are druggable oncogene alterations in lung adenocarcinoma that cause expression of...

Introduction: In radiation therapy, the accuracy of dose calculations by a treatment planning system (TPS) is important to achieve tumor control and to spare normal tissue. Treatment planning system calculations in the heterogeneous situation may present significant inaccuracies. In this study, three different dose calculation algorithms, pencil beam (PB), collapsed cone (CC), ...

The microbial population of the dental biofilm is embedded in an extracellular matrix that contains organic polymers such as polysaccharides. promotes adhesion on surfaces prostheses and acts a protective barrier. Thus, breakdown crucial for effective mechanical removal by brushing. purpose this study was to develop artificial equivalent (ABE) able mimic properties natural concerning abrasion r...

This study investigated Montmorency tart cherry concentrate (MC) supplementation on markers of recovery following prolonged, intermittent sprint activity. Sixteen semi-professional, male soccer players, who had dietary restrictions imposed for the duration of the study, were divided into two equal groups and consumed either MC or placebo (PLA) supplementation for eight consecutive days (30 mL t...