lithium disilicate nano-powders were synthesized via a mild condition hydrothermal reaction at 180 ºc for 48 and 72 h with a non stoichiometric1:2 li:si molar ratio in naoh aqueous solution using li2co3 and sio2.h2o as raw materials. the synthesized materials were characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (pxrd) technique and fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy. the xrd data showed t...

The engineering of optical and acoustic material functionalities via construction of ordered local and global architectures on various length scales commensurate with and well below the characteristic length scales of photons and phonons in the material is an indispensable and powerful means to develop novel materials. In the current mature status of photonics, polymers hold a pivotal role in v...

In a single-component material, a chemical potential gradient or a wind force drives self-diffusion. If the self-diffusion flux has a divergence, the material deforms. We formulate a continuum theory to be consistent with this kinematic constraint. When the diffusion flux is divergence-free, the theory decouples into Stokes’s theory for creep and Herring’s theory for self-diffusion. A length em...

A rigid-plastic Cosserat model has been used to study dense, fully developed flow of granular materials through a vertical channel. Frictional models based on the classical continuum do not predict the occurrence of shear layers, at variance with experimental observations. This feature has been attributed to the absence of a material length scale in their constitutive equations. The present mod...

Einstein’s special theory of relativity postulates that the speed of light is a constant for all inertial observers. This postulate can be used to derive the Lorenz transformations relating length and time measurements by different observers. In this paper it is shown that the Lorentz transformations can be obtained for any type of wave simply by defining distance to be proportional to wave pro...

The novel characteristics of a new type of MOSFET, the hetero-material gate field-effect transistor (HMGFET), are explored theoretically and compared with those of the compatible MOSFET. Two conceptual processes for realizing the HMG structure are proposed for integration into the existing silicon technology. The two-dimensional (2-D) numerical simulations reveal that the HMGFET demonstrates ex...

BACKGROUND Vaginal agenesis is a rare condition and treatment methods are varied. The difference between most of the surgical techniques is the graft material used. The purpose of this study was to describe the procedure and outcome of creating a neovaginal pouch lined with autologous buccal mucosa. METHODS AND RESULTS Between August 2000 and February 2002, eight patients with Mayer-Rokitansk...

Screening of twenty-four candidate plus trees from naturally available Pongamia pinnata genetic resources was carried out to elucidate the genetic variation and relationship of pod and seed traits on germination capacity to select the best planting material for higher productivity. The experiment conducted at Forest Research Centre, Institute of Forest Productivity Mandar, Ranchi during 2005-20...