Here, we show that the polyamine spermidine plays a key role as a morphogenetic determinant during spermatid development in the water fern Marsilea vestita. Spermidine levels rise first in sterile jacket cells and then increase dramatically in spermatogenous cells as the spermatids mature. RNA interference and drug treatments were employed to deplete spermidine in the gametophyte at different s...

Here, we show that the polyamine spermidine plays a key role as a morphogenetic determinant during spermatid development in the water fern Marsilea vestita. Spermidine levels rise first in sterile jacket cells and then increase dramatically in spermatogenous cells as the spermatids mature. RNA interference and drug treatments were employed to deplete spermidine in the gametophyte at different s...

Pepe River is one of the Bengawan Solo with a reasonably high level water pollution due to habit surroundings in throwing garbage into river. Plants that can survive polluted land conditions have tolerance level, called pioneer plants. One them ferns (Pteridophyta). This study aims identify type, abundance, Important Value Index (IVI), and index Diversity pteridophytes plant diversity Watershed...