the term “system” is defined as «elements standing interaction». this implies that a change in any given element should bring about changes in other elements of the system and thus may be used to identify the boundaries of a system. a system can be a machine, a man, or a community. each of these may be part of a greater system (super system) or include several smaller systems (subsystems). syst...

Purpose Described as the world‟s larges machine, large technological infrastructures embrace us with its services. Those infrastructure-based services enable communication, energy utilization, financial transactions, transportation, etc. In this paper we will label those services Infra-Services and argue that Infra-Services is a special class of services which falls into the intersection of the...