Background: Staphylococci are recognized worldwide as one of the most important etiological agents of bovine mastitis due to their virulence factors such as their ability to penetrate inside mammary epithelial cells and their ability to form biofilm. Aims: The objectives of this study were to establish a model of primary mammary epithelial cells origin...

The present study investigated the effects of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced mastitis model in rat on the activity of antioxidant enzyme systems. To achieve this purpose, E. coli LPS were infused into the mammary gland of 12 rats 72 hr postpartum and compared with 12 rats in control group infused intramammary placebo sterile pyrogene – free, physiological saline. The...

background and objective: microscopic evaluation of cervicovaginal smears (pap smear) plays an essential role in detection of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of uterine cervix. a wide spectrum of changes is seen in pap smears. interpretation of intermediate changes which resulting in observation of so- called ascus is difficult. ascus is defined as a cellular change that is more marked tha...

recurrent bacterial meningitis is not a common disease and makes physicians seek underlying predisposing factors which can result from anatomic anomalies or immunodeficiency. in this paper we present a boy with recurrent bacterial meningitis with the history of trauma and sensorineural hearing loss. mondini dysplasia was demonstrated with computed homographic scans (ct-scan) of temporal bones.

ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary disorder associated with abnormal development of embryonic ectodermally-derived organs including teeth, nails, hair and sweat glands. hypodontia of the primary and permanent dentition is the most common oral finding. therefore, affected patients need dental prosthetic treatments during their developmental years. this report presents two cases of children aff...

a 29- year old female with bone pain and history of precocious puberty was referred for bone scintigraphy. on physical examination café au lait macular spots were noted on her neck, buttocks and left leg. bone scan showed multiple areas of intense increased activity which was in favour of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia. considering the presence of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious pubert...

We read with great interest the presentation by Lindblom et al. [1] regarding an an-eurysm of the left internal mammary artery (IMA), which is a rare and potentially devastating pathology. The case presented has diagnostic challenges and a spontaneous rupture resulting in life-threatening bleeding. The authors suggested the importance of the careful interpretation of radiological findings and t...

purpose: to determine the prevalence of various types of conjunctival lesions, at a tertiary ophthalmic center in fars province, south of iran. methods: histopathologic slides and medical records of conjunctival lesions submitted to the pathology department of khalili hospital, shiraz, iran was reviewed from april, 2009 to july, 2013. the histopathologic diagnoses were categorized into benign, ...

background: the association between adenomatous polyps and malignancy has an important role in patient screening and follow up after polypectomy. due to less attraction towards the segmental resection, colonoscopic evaluation of malignancy has found its utmost importance role. polyp size and morphology have dictated the potential of malignancy in prior studies, however, in recent decade some au...

introduction: dentin dysplasia is a rare autosomal dominant inheriting disturbance of dentin formation characterized by normal enamel formation, but atypical dentin with abnormal pulpal morphology. there are two major patterns: type i and type ii. amelogenesis imperfecta is an autosomal dominant. x-link inherent disease that is classified by clinical manifestation into hypoplastic, hypomature, ...