A formula A is said to have the contraction property in a logic L iff whenever A, A,Γ `L B (when Γ is a multiset) also A, Γ `L B. In MLL and in MALL without the additive constants a formula has the contraction property iff it is a theorem. Adding the mix rule does not change this fact. In MALL (with or without mix) and in affine logic A has the contraction property iff either A is provable or A...

The consequences of free trade are investigated in an international duopoly under horizontal di¤erentiation and convex transportation costs. It is shown that the smaller country may bene...t from trade if it is su¢ciently small to allow for a signi...cant volume of exports by the domestic ...rm. On the contrary, the larger country never bene...ts from trade, since liberalization decreases the d...

Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) is increasingly gaining attention from educational stakeholders. This quantitative study implements the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT) model with added variable attitude. The participants were 89 Colombian higher education teachers who shared their views on MALL via an online questionnaire. results indicate that teachers’ behavio...

Shopping places have been involved in commercial life various forms throughout history. Today, it has become a public space, called shopping center or mall, and consists mostly of indoor spaces includes different functions other than shopping. These structures, which are located the city centers, taken place urban peripheries with economic developments increase vehicle ownership over time. Whil...

Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) is a new channel of languages. The usage MALL instructional design integrates mobile devices with educational scenarios teaching foreign study explores the central issue how course could help students to construct an out-of-class experience. research investigates practical characteristics design, which lead acquisition. had three objectives: explore perc...