objective: gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors, and have been ranked as the fourth leading cause of cancer death. tumor mesenchymal-like stem cells (tmscs) contribute to the aggressive behavior of glial tumors by providing a favorable microenvironment for the malignant cells. the aims of our study were to identify differential proteome of tmscs derived from low vs. high grade gliom...

Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent that has yielded significant benefits and is a current standard agent in the treatment of malignant gliomas. However, its survival benefit remains unsatisfactory. Recently, a synergistic antitumor effect between TMZ and interferon-β (IFN-β) was reported in malignant glioma cells. The Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) brain tumor study group has recen...

PURPOSE The goals of this study are to elucidate the relationship of the oncogenic transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) with glioma aggressiveness and to understand the role of high STAT3 activity in the resistance of malignant gliomas and medulloblastomas to chemotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Immunohistochemical staining and biochemical methods were ...

Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system, around 70 % of the malignant brain tumors are gliomas. In the NCCN Guideline Ver.1 2015, the assessment before systemic treatment, treatment principles and prognosis factors of gliomas has significantly changed based on the researches up to date, we try to analyze the reason and the effect of these changes. The most impor...

Gliomas are the most common tumors in the optic nerve, chiasmal, and hypothalamic regions of the central nervous system (CNS). As such, they are the focus of this chapter. For completeness, the less common tumors of these regions—meningiomas and craniopharyngiomas—are also covered. Germ cell tumors can also occur in this region but are discussed in Chapter 7. GLIOMAS Gliomas that affect the opt...

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of early myeloid progenitors and precursors at different stages of differentiation into granulocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Blockade of their differentiation into mature myeloid cells in cancer results in an expansion of this population. High-grade gliomas are the most common malignant tumours of the central ner...