To elucidate changes in the defensive traits of tree seedlings under global environmental changes, we evaluated foliar successional trees, such as beech, oak, and magnolia grown a natural-light phytotron. Potted were combination two CO2 concentrations (360 vs. 720 ppm) nitrogen (N) treatments (4 15 kg N ha?1 yr?1) for growing seasons using quantitative chemical analyses anatomical method. We hy...

This study provides a numerical representation of contextual effects on the meanings of words, constructed from the order judgments of 19 subjects concerning the word "red" in 19 sentences. Subjects judged whether or not the red object mentioned in a sentence was redder than, less red than, or could be equally as red as the red object mentioned in each of the other sentences. These judgments we...

The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential of an aquatic plant, the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) devoid rhizospheric bacteria, to reduce naphthalene (a polyaromatic hydrocarbon) present in wastewater and wetlands. The capability of sterile water hyacinth plants to remove naphthalene from water and wastewater was studied in batch systems. Water hyacinths enhance the r...

Medicinal plants have been widely employed in treating various diseases for centuries and are still a major resource and repository that can be further exploited for a variety of infectious and non-infectious ailments. The popularity of medicinal herbs has grown significantly in recent years despite a dearth of information regarding their modes of action and continuing concerns over their effic...

BACKGROUND Recent research has established correlations between stress, anxiety, insomnia and excess body weight and these correlations have significant implications for health. This study measured the effects of a proprietary blend of extracts of Magnolia officinalis and Phellodendron amurense (Relora) on anxiety, stress and sleep in healthy premenopausal women. METHODS This randomized, para...

Timber harvest projections for aspen-dominated forests in the prairie region of Canada include a truncation of the current age distribution, whereby old stands of ®re origin will become rarer on the landscape, while young, post-harvest stands will increase in abundance. To determine the effects this harvesting strategy might have on communities of breeding forest birds, we conducted point count...