HEALTH ISSUE: Total fertility rates (TFRs) have decreased worldwide. The Canadian fertility rate has gone from 3.90 per woman in 1960 to 1.49 in 2000. However, not many studies have examined the impact on women's health of reduced fertility rates, delayed fertility and more births to unmarried women. This paper presents information on the relation between family size and specific determinants o...

Ageing in many organisms, including humans, is accompanied by marked alterations in both general and specific protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is normally under tight control by a broad array of regulatory factors, which facilitate appropriate rates of mRNA translation. Are the wide changes in protein synthesis simply a corollary of the ageing process or do they have a causative role in sen...

1 College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, and State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries (Northeastern University) Shenyang, Wenhua Road, Heping District, No. 11, Lane 3, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China 2Department of Management and Marketing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 3 Department of Industrial and Systems Engin...

Article History: Received 05 January 2017 Accepted 23 February 2017 Available 15 July 2017 This study focuses on identical parallel machine scheduling of jobs with deteriorating processing times and rate-modifying activities. We consider nonlinearly increasing processing times of jobs based on their position assignment. Rate modifying activities (RMAs) are also considered to recover the increas...

We consider several single machine scheduling problems in which the processing time of a job is a simple linear increasing function of its starting time and each job has a delivery time. The objectives are to minimize the functions about delivery completion times. For the former three problems, we propose polynomial-time algorithms to solve them. For the last problem, we prove that it is NP-har...

This paper considers proactive scheduling in response to stochastic machine breakdown under deteriorating production environments, where the actual processing time of a job gets longer along with machine’s usage and age. It is assumed that a job’s processing time is controllable by allocating extra resources and the machine breakdown can be described using a given probability distribution. If a...

this paper presents an inventory model for deteriorating items in which shortages are allowed. it is assumed that the production rate is proportional to the demand rate and greater than demand rate. the inventory model is developed by considering four different circumstances. the optimal of the problem is obtained with the help of mathematica 7 software. numerical examples are given to illustra...

We consider a scheduling problem on a single machine to minimize the makespan. The processing conditions are subject to cumulative deterioration, but can be restored by a single maintenance. We link the problem to the Subset-sum problem (if the duration of maintenance is constant) and to the Half-product problem (if the duration of maintenance depends on its start time). For both versions of th...

We consider two single-machine group scheduling problems with deteriorating group setup and job processing times. That is, the job processing times and group setup times are linearly increasing or decreasing functions of their starting times. Jobs in each group have the same deteriorating rate. The objective of scheduling problems is to minimize the sum of completion times. We show that the sum...