Anadromous Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) transport marine-derived nitrogen (MDN) to the rivers in which they reproduce. Isotopic analyses indicate that trees and shrubs near spawning streams derive -22-2492 of their foliar nitrogen (N) from spawning salmon. As a consequence of this nutrient subsidy, growth rates are significantly increased in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) near spawning s...

AbstractLabor requirements in peanut cultivation are high, especially weeding, harvesting, and postharvest (threshing). Labor for harvesting quite with about 41 labor work day (LWD) per ha required hand-pulling threshing the pods (Antarno 1992). With a yield of 0.8 tha-1 groundnut seed, this accounts 41% total requirement handling (107 LWD). PT Garudafood Putra Putri Jaya Tbk, whose main food p...

This paper describes an efficient algorithm for the design of multiplierless approximately linear-phase lattice wave digital (LWD) filters (parallel connections of two all-pass filters). The coefficient optimization is performed in two basic steps. First, a nonlinear optimization algorithm is used for determining a parameter space of the infinite-precision coefficients including the feasible sp...

Several choice processes of alternatives for non-homogeneous group decision making problems, assuming linguistic preference relations for expressing the opinions of individuals and linguistic values for expressing their respective power or importance degrees, are presented. These processes are designed using two choice degrees of alternatives based on the concept of fuzzy majority: quanti-er gu...

This paper presents a designing an optimal adaptive controller for tracking down the control of robot manipulators based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. PSO algorithm has been used to optimize parameters of the controller and hence to minimize the integral square of errors (ISE) as a performance criteria. In this paper, an improved PSO using a logic is proposed to increase the c...

Abstract Background Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is recommended in Heart Failure (HF) to assess myocardial structure and function. Recently, the quantification of pulmonary congestion skeletal muscle mass using CMR have been shown predict adverse events HF, but a tool integrating this information currently unavailable. The purpose study was develop test new multiparametric CMR-derived score...

This paper presents designing an optimal adaptive controller for tracking control of robot manipulators based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. PSO algorithm has been employed to optimize parameters of the controller and hence to minimize the integral square of errors (ISE) as a performance criteria. In this paper, an improved PSO using logic is proposed to increase the convergenc...