Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are devastating pests in citrus orchards of Nepal causing huge losses fruits. A farmer's survey was carried from March to December, 2021 randomly selecting 40 orchard owners, and at the same time, a field monitoring fruit organised randomized complete block design with 7 times replicated 3 treatments (Cue lure malathion Steiner trap, Methyl eugenol trap protei...

We present a theory of conversation comprehension in which a l ine of the conversation is "understood" by relat ing it to one of seven possible "points". We define these points, and present examples where it seems plausible that the fai lure to "get the point" would indeed constitute a fai lure to understand the conversation. We argue that the recognition of such points must proceed in both a t...

High levels of false recognition can be observed after people study lists of semantic associates that all converge on a nonpresented lure word, To test the idea that encoding distinctive perceptual information would help to reduce false recognition, we presented a line drawing representing each associated word during study list presentation and later tested recognition of studied words and lure...

Let φn be an arbitrary compact topological manifold. We shall define a new topological object, Ω(t)φn , known as a lure, that alters the Minkowski Content of φn by acting on the boundary of φn, ∂φn by stretching or shrinking the boundary. After the notion of a lure has been established for compact manifolds, we shall relax the requirement that the manifold be locally Euclidean, by defining Λn t...