Abstract The dominance of two-child families is considered an intrinsic characteristic low fertility societies. Their share was continuously increasing among baby boom cohorts but the rise ceased afterwards. While parity- and education-specific trends during expansion have been studied, corresponding analyses developments in post-expansion birth are scarce. This study investigates parity-specif...

Persistent low fertility rates lead to lower population growth rates and eventually also to decreasing population sizes in most industrialized countries. There are fears that this demographic development is associated with declines in per capita GDP and possibly also increasing inequality of the wage distribution. We investigate whether this is true in the context of neoclassical growth models,...

PURPOSE To assess the clinical outcomes and fertility of young women with stage I low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) treated with fertility-sparing surgery. RESULTS Seventeen patients with stage I low-grade ESS (stage IA, n = 6; stage IB, n = 11) were entered into this study. Adjuvant hormone therapy was administered to 15 (88.2%) patients. At a median follow-up of 39 months (range, ...

Here, the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis (GDBH) was tested by quantifying temporal variation in the relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), and phenylpropanoid concentrations of two willow species (Salix sericea and Salix eriocephala) across five fertility levels. Initially, RGR increased and total phenylpropanoids declined (although every individual phenolic did not...

the first demographic transition started in many western industrialized societies around the latter part of the nineteenth century with steady mortality improvement. expectation of life at birth, about 40 years at the start of the transition, has now doubled (riley 2001). Fertility declined from a level of about five children to under two children per woman over the same period (Coale and watki...

This is an endeavor to study the plausible causal socio-cultural variable and biological pathways influencing human fertility among the remotely located primitive tribal community of Orissa. The present paper deals with the fertility of 156 Mankirdia women. Efforts are made to study the biological determinants and societal factors affecting fertility. The observation of fertility gives an impre...

A fundamental switch in the fertility—development relationship has occurred so that among highly developed countries, further socioeconomic development may reverse the declining fertility trend. Here we shed light on the mechanisms underlying this reversal by analyzing the links between development and age and cohort patterns of fertility, as well as the role of gender equality. Using data from...

This study was carried out to evaluate the fertility status of soils in Ahiazu Mbaise, Imo State under three land use types using nutrient index method and fertility rating. Soil samples were collected from five sampling points each from three land use types at the depth of 0 20 cm. Samples were prepared and analysed for physical properties such as particle size distribution, bulk density, mois...

BACKGROUND Plants depend on their root systems to acquire the water and nutrients necessary for their survival in nature, and for their yield and nutritional quality in agriculture. Root systems are complex and a variety of root phenes have been identified as contributors to adaptation to soils with low fertility and aluminium (Al) toxicity. Phenotypic characterization of root adaptations to in...