The metabolic syndrome represents a vicious cycle whereby insulin resistance leads to compensatory hyperinsulinaemia, which maintains normal plasma glucose but may exacerbate insulin resistance. Excess insulin secretion may eventually reduce beta-cell function due to amyloid deposition, leading to raised blood glucose and further deterioration of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity via g...

Low-carbohydrate diets have become increasingly popular in both media and clinical research settings. Although they may improve some metabolic markers, their effects on arterial function remain unclear. Endothelial dysfunction is the well-established response to cardiovascular risk factors and a pivotal feature that precedes atherosclerotic diseases. It has been demonstrated that a high carbohy...

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of mixed meals differing in glycemic index (GI) and carbohydrate content on postprandial serum glucose and insulin response, hunger, and satiety over the course of a 12-h day. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this randomized crossover trial, 26 overweight or obese adults received four diets in random order (high GI, high carbohydrate [HGI-HC]; high GI, low car...

A popular diet used for weight reduction is the low carbohydrate diet, which has most calories derived from fat and protein, but effects of this dietary regimen on coronary vascular function have not been identified. We tested the hypothesis that obesity-induced impairment in coronary endothelial function is reversed by a low carbohydrate diet. We used 4 groups of male Zucker rats: lean and obe...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of a 1-year intervention with a low-carbohydrate and a low-fat diet on weight loss and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study is a randomized clinical trial of 105 overweight adults with type 2 diabetes. Primary outcomes were weight and A1C. Secondary outcomes included blood pressure and lipids. Outcome measur...

A popular diet used for weight reduction is the low-carbohydrate diet, which has most calories derived from fat and protein, but effects of this dietary regimen on coronary vascular function have not been identified. We tested the hypothesis that obesity-induced impairment in coronary endothelial function is reversed by a low-carbohydrate diet. We used four groups of male Zucker rats: lean and ...

We developed nutrition education materials for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients focusing on low-carbohydrate and low-simple sugar diet and assessed subjective difficulty and compliance for the developed materials. The materials were developed in 2 types, a booklet for face-to-face education and a handout for phone education. The booklet covered 4 topic areas of fatty liver, lo...

Trained standardized dogs were fasted until the blood pressure declined to the stuble fasting level and were realimented with isocaloric diets high in protein (horse meat) or in carbohydrate (rice or cracker meal). Realimentation was at low maintenance or luxus consumption levels of caloric intake. At the former level, there was no difference between the diets, but at the latter level, the syst...