mohammed, north, and ashton find that decentralization in fiji shifted health-sector workloads from tertiary hospitals to peripheral health centres, but with little transfer of administrative authority from the centre. decisionmaking in five functional areas analysed remains highly centralized. they surmise that the benefits of decentralization in terms of services and outcomes will be limited....

Across the developing world, many governments have implemented political reforms—heavily promoted by international donors—designed to transfer greater power to subnational levels of government and to provide a more substantial policymaking and oversight role to citizens. Although economic analyses have frequently argued that such decentralization programs improve the efficiency of public expend...

In many countries, an important driver for concern about public values arises from falling trust in public institutions. One widely identified explanation has been the conduct of politicians, to which governments around the globe have responded by creating systems of ethics regulation and reform. This includes England, where measures instigated by the 2000 Local Government Act took a particular...

INTRODUCTION: This paper investigates the determinants of citizen participation in community affairs and the role of citizen participation in the effectiveness of local government in decentralized systems of government. We have formulated two specific research questions: (1) What determines citizen participation? (2) Does citizen participation affect actual performance of local governments? For...

Laser safety requirements in the U.S. are usually centered on specific Federal Government and voluntary standards such as: ~1! The Laser Product Performance Standard of the Center for Devices and Radiological Health ~21CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11!, ~2! the American National Standards Institute ~ANSI Z136 Series!, ~3! the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ~OSHA!, ~4! the Federal Aviation...

1. introduction nowadays in most of the countries in the world there is a growing trend towards decentralization and development of local governments. one of the most cited reasons for this issue is the fact that most of the countries apply the decentralization process as a method for enhancing the performance of public sectors and the economic development in as much as the central government w...

In recent years, explicit incentive schemes for public organisations, based on quantitative measurement of outputs, have become increasingly commonly used in the UK. For example, school league tables, hospital star ratings, and various schemes for local government, such as Comprehensive Performance Assessment (CPA), have been introduced in the last twenty years or so. Moreover, with few excepti...

This study designed to give us a better understanding of the experiences and mechanism of the Government intervention in tourism industry development in Iran. This study is mainly focused on the government relations With local community According to their acceptance or disagreement with tourism development project in their region. Having used Phenomenology Strategy in order to understand the ex...

This paper describes the status of local e-government in Indonesia using the United Nations egovernment benchmarking model. Using data from the Indonesia Ministry of Internal Affairs, we examined 353 local government websites from early March to the end of May 2011. The results show that the majority of local government websites (193) are still at the emergence stage, 98 are at the enhanced sta...