OBJECTIVE To assess changing patterns in the detection and outcomes of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs). DESIGN Retrospective review from May 21, 1977, through September 16, 2005. SETTING Massachusetts General Hospital, a tertiary care center. PATIENTS We evaluated 168 patients (51% male; mean age, 56 years) who underwent surgery for histologically confirmed PNENs. MAIN OUTCO...

We tested whether a concentration of unleaded gasoline (UG) vapor that was selectively hepatocarcinogenic in female mice in a chronic bioassay is antiestrogenic and whether liver tumor promotion by UG is secondary to antiestrogenicity. Twelve-day-old female C57BL/6 x C3H F1 mice (hereafter called B6C3F1) received i.p. injections of N-nitrosodiethylamine (5 mg/kg) or vehicle. Beginning at 5-7 we...

Background: Hepatic angiosarcoma is a rare tumor of endothelial origin that accounts for up to 2% of all primary neoplasms of the liver. It is uncommon in young adults and acute liver failure is a very unusual presentation of this disease. Case Presentation: We report the cases of two young male adults who presented with acute liver failure. One of them was diagnosed with primary hepatic angios...

BACKGROUND Upper abdominal exenteration (resection of the liver, stomach, spleen, pancreaticoduodenal complex, and part of the colon) for the treatment of otherwise unresectable tumors is one of the more radical operations in oncology. This study was done to analyze retrospectively a five-year experience with exenteration in 57 patients treated with variations of resectional and transplant reco...

The carcinogenicity of aflatoxin BI (AFB,) has been under evaluation in nonhuman primates for the past 13 years. A total of 47 Old World monkeys, chiefly rhesus and cynomolgus, have received AFB, i.p. (0.125 to 0.25 mg/kg) and/or p.o. (0.1 to 0.8 mg/kg) for 2 months or longer, and 12 are currently alive and without evidence of tumor. Thirteen of the 35 mon keys necropsied to date (37%) develope...

Significant changes in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity occur during chemically induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. We have developed a procedure for the histochemical localization of hepatic ALDH which has proven extremely useful as an additional probe for studying changes in this enzyme during hepatocarcinogenesis. Frozen sections of fresh tissue were stained for ALDH using either propion...

CANCERS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM-PART II SCREENING, DIAGNOSIS, AND MONITORING 34 Esophageal Cancer 34 Stomach Cancer 34 Liver Cancer 35 Pancreatic Cancer 36 Colorectal Cancer 37 Occult blood 37 Flexible sigmoidoscopy 37 Tumor markers 38 Genetic testing 38 Screening of high risk groups 38 Radioimmunoscintigraphy 39 Gallbladder Cancer 39 Cancer of the Small Intestine 39 Anal Cancer 40 CURRENT THER...

background esophageal, stomach, and colorectal cancers are commonly lethal gastrointestinal tract (git) neoplasms, causing almost two million deaths worldwide each year. some environmental risk factors are acknowledged; however, genetic defects can significantly contribute to predisposition to git cancers. accordingly, recent works have shown that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) within m...

Aim : This study aimed to clarify the ultrasound semiotics of colorectal cancer liver metastases contrast enhancement, and perform a comparative assessment diagnostic efficacy contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Methods We studied 40 patients with cancer: receiving treatment for disease having newly diagnosed cancer. All underwent CT. In cases suspected malignancy, trephine biopsy morph...

We examined a database of 379 long-term carcinogenicity studies in rats and mice to evaluate sex and species correlations in site-specific carcinogenic responses. Within a species, most target sites showed a strong correlation between males and females. For example, chemicals producing forestomach or liver tumors in males were likely to produce these same types of tumors in females. There was a...