This paper presents a compact multiple-valued maskprogrammable logic array (MPLA) based on a MINITSUM (MINimunl/Truncated-SU~~ two-level synthesis, A universal literal in the MIN plane is decomposed into a threshold literal and a logic-value conversion (LVC) that is shared in the same column of the MINplane. Since a threshold literal can be designed by using a singlejoating-gate MOS transistor,...

Subjects read target sentences preceded by either short or long context that induced either a metaphoric or a literal target reading. As had been found by Ortony, Schallert, Reynolds, and Antos (1978), metaphoric targets were comprehended about as quickly as literals when context was long, but more slowly than literals when context was short. The latter result may have been due to the failure o...

Psycholinguistic repercussions of early experience in informal translation (language brokering) were examined in two tasks administered to proficient Spanish-English bilingual adults who had extensive brokering experience during childhood and proficient bilinguals without prior brokering experience. It was hypothesized that experience in language brokering leads to a greater sensitivity to non-...

We investigate how people process negation in semantically distorted and metaphoric sentences. We present three experiments in which participants judged the truth of affirmative and negative sentences that were either literal or contained semantic illusions (Erickson & Mattson, 1981) or metaphors. In all experiments, negation increases processing times; although for semantic illusions, negation...

The first word of the Hebrew text of Genesis "תישארב" as traditionally vocalized means literally "In a beginning." However, tradition gives it the meaning and translation "In the beginning." The literal meaning is considered as contradicting reality. Therefore, Rashi suggested a syntactic solution that maintains the traditional meaning. However, this syntactic solution, as is shown later, requi...

On the relevance-theoretic approach outlined in this paper, linguistic metaphors are not a natural kind, and ―metaphor‖ is not a theoretically important notion in the study of verbal communication. Metaphorical interpretations are arrived at in exactly the same way as literal, loose and hyperbolic interpretations: there is no mechanism specific to metaphors, and no interesting generalisation th...

We present an annotation study on a representative dataset of literal and idiomatic uses of infinitive-verb compounds in German newspaper and journal texts. Infinitive-verb compounds form a challenge for writers of German, because spelling regulations are different for literal and idiomatic uses. Through the participation of expert lexicographers we were able to obtain a high-quality corpus res...