Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is highly toxic and one of the problematic impurities in industrial gas streams, calling for H2S removal down to single-digit ppm levels protect health environment, not harm downstream processes. Here, we discuss recent developments challenges current technologies. Furthermore, present a comprehensive review ionic liquids (ILs), IL-based solvents/adsorbents/membranes, dee...

a new simple model is introduced for a liquid and an equation of state is derived based on this model and the statistical mechanical calculations. this equation of state works well for the non-polar and slightly polar liquids. the important conclusion that may be deduced from this equation of state is that if the reduced variables of state are chosen and defined appropriately, then, the princip...

growth of the petrochemical industry and its products has been followed growth in other sectors of production, use and trade of chemicals at national and regional levels. it is one of the basic industries which are feeder to other industry sectors as the engine of the economy and play a major role in developing countries. with no doubt mismanagement and improper use of chemicals lead to harmful...

Biomass and other carbonaceous materials can be gasified to produce syngas with high concentrations of CO and H2. Feedstock materials include wood, dedicated energy crops, grain wastes, manufacturing or municipal wastes, natural gas, petroleum and chemical wastes, lignin, coal and tires. Syngas fermentation converts CO and H2 to alcohols and organic acids and uses concepts applicable in ferment...

An emulsion consists of small, spherical droplets of one of two immiscible liquids in the continuous phase of the other. Emulsion droplets usually have an average diameter in the range of 0.1-100 μm. Monodisperse emulsions are useful for measuring, analyzing, and controlling many of their important physical, physicochemical, and organoleptic properties. Monodisperse-emulsion-based materials (e....

This paper describes the use of laminar flow of liquids in capillary systems to pattern the cell culture substrate, to perform patterned cell deposition, and to pattern the cell culture media. We demonstrate the patterning of the cell culture substrate with different proteins, the patterning of different types of cells adjacent to each other, the patterned delivery of chemicals to adhered cells...

Abstract In-situ flushing of chemicals, such as nanoparticle (NP) suspensions, and NP-based Pickering emulsions, is a well-promising method for the remediation soils aquifers contaminated with non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) enhanced oil recovery from reservoir rocks. Linear comb-type copolymers were synthesized by combining (i) hydrophilic, anionic monomers like 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propa...

To extract all the oil from a well, petroleum engineers pump hot reactive chemicals into the well. These Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes need to be thoroughly monitored, since the injected fluids can seep out of the production oil wells and, if unchecked, eventually pollute sources of drinking water. There is a need to measure the corresponding effects. One way to measure these undergroun...

Tightening environmental legislation is driving the fine and speciality chemicals industries to consider alternative processes that avoid the use of conventional mineral acids. The use of heterogeneous catalysts in these processes would vastly simplify catalyst removal, minimizing the amount of waste formed. However, diffusion limitation of liquids within porous solids dictates that effective s...

Hydrodynamic instabilities at the interface between two partially miscible liquids impact numerous applications, including CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers. We introduce here a new laboratory-scale model system on which buoyancy- and Marangoni-driven convective instabilities of such partially miscible two-layer systems can easily be studied. This system consists of the stratification of a p...