This study was performed to evaluate the accuracy, validation and applicability of UV spectrophotometer (UV), Ion Chromatography (IC), and Detector tube (DT) methods for measuring ammonia (NH3) concentration in a swine confinement house and swine slurry storage tank. The mean values of NH3 emitted from the house and slurry were 5.333 ppm and 42.192 ppm for the IC method; 4.13 ppm and 36.29 ppm ...

elevated tanks are very important structures and consist of various types. water supply is vital to control fires during earthquakes. also they are utilized to store different products, like petroleum supplies in cities and industrial zones. damage to these structures during strong ground motions may lead to fire or other hazardous events. elevated tanks should stay functional after and before ...

Elevated tanks are very important structures and consist of various types. Water supply is vital to control fires during earthquakes. Also they are utilized to store different products, like petroleum supplies in cities and industrial zones. Damage to these structures during strong ground motions may lead to fire or other hazardous events. Elevated tanks should stay functional after and before ...

In countries with hot climates, air-conditioning forms a large proportion of annual peak electrical demand, requiring expansion of power plants to meet the peak demand, which goes unused most of the time. Use of well-designed cool storage can offset the peak demand to a large extent. In this study, an air conditioning system with naturally stratified storage tank was designed, constructed and t...

Recently, the use of hybrid systems using multiple heat sources in buildings to ensure a stable energy supply and improve the system performance has gained attention. Among them, a heat pump system using both solar and ground heat was developed and various system configurations have been introduced. However, establishing a suitable design method for the solar-assisted ground heat pump (SAGHP) s...

In process industries, control of liquid level in the process tank is important and complicated issues. In this work, authors have represented a case study involving mathematical modeling, system identification, and controller design of a three tank conical interacting level system (TTCILS). A nonlinear tank is identified mathematically and an auto tuning method of PID controller is implemented...

An international team led by NREL analyzed the favorability of two alternative liquid receiver designs for a 700+ °C under Gen3 CSP Liquid Pathway project. The competing heat transfer fluids were ternary chloride salt and liquid-metal sodium. applied facilitated analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to arrive at recommended set path forward AHP criteria formulated, weighted, scored project leadershi...

The severe sloshing induced by earthquake in cylindrical liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) storage tank is of great concern for liquid design. For suppressing sloshing, porous material attached to inner periphery the wall proposed and studied numerically using OpenFOAM. model was validated against with available data without ring baffle, flow through media a U-tube dam break. Fair agreements betwee...

Due to the flammability and explosion characteristics of the propane vapor cloud, a nearby propane tank farm could possibly present a significant risk to the operation of nuclear power plants. Accidental releases of propane may occur in the propane supply pipeline, at the propane storage tanks, or on the propane transportation routes due to propane transport trailer truck accidents. Loss of con...