We show that if two 3-manifolds with toroidal boundary are glued via a “sufficiently complicated” map then every Heegaard splitting of the resulting 3-manifold is weakly reducible. Additionally, suppose X∪F Y is a manifold obtained by gluing X and Y , two connected small manifolds with incompressible boundary, along a closed surface F . Then the following inequality on genera is obtained:

objective: due to recent advances in nanotechnology it is now possible to accumulate high atomic-number nanomaterial such as gold nanoparticles (gnps) in cancerous cells and take advantage of their absorbed dose enhancement property as radiosensitizing agents. this study aimed to investigate the absorbed dose enhancement factor due to the presence of pegylated gnps under the irradiation of an m...

We characterize complete intersections in terms of local differential geometry. Let X ⊂ CPn+a be a variety. We first localize the problem; we give a criterion for X to be a complete intersection that is testable at any smooth point of X. We rephrase the criterion in the language of projective differential geometry and derive a sufficient condition for X to be a complete intersection that is com...

ct.scan examinations cause high patient absorbed dose from x-ray ionizing radiation. therefore it is necessary to obtain superficial dose profile in z-line. in this research 11 thermoluminecent dosimeter (tld), after calibration were located on z line perpendicular to slice thickness. ct.scan machines did x-ray exposures. the resultant dose profiles showed gussian shape apperience, which has se...

We present ROSAT HRI and ASCA observations of the well known ULIRG IRAS19254-7245 (the Superantennae). The object is not detected by ROSAT yielding a 3σ upper limit of Lx ∼ 8× 10 erg sin the 0.1-2 keV band. However, we obtain a clear detection by ASCA yielding a luminosity in the 2-10 keV band of 2×10 erg s. Its X-ray spectrum is very hard, equivalent to a photon index of Γ = 1.0 ± 0.35. We the...