in state-investor dispute, investor tends that umbrella clause transfers all contractual claims to treaty claims. by contracts, state follows narrow interpretation of this clause. up to ilc articles, establishing of responsibility of state for breach of contract requires tow preconditions. first state is merely responsible when state condoct has been of governmental nature and second is that br...

This paper provides empirical evidence that managers adjust firm advertising expenditures to influence investor behavior and short-term stock prices. First, this paper shows that increased advertising spending is associated with individual investor buying and a contemporaneous rise in abnormal stock returns, which is then reversed in subsequent years. Second, there is a significant rise in firm...

This study examines the effect of investor sentiment on the accruals anomaly. We find that for small stocks mispricing per unit of accruals is greater in high sentiment periods as compared with low sentiment periods. This result is consistent with the notion that in high sentiment periods individual investors pay less attention toward understanding the accruals and cash flow components of earni...

This study examines the relationship between investor attention and broad market index in Indonesia Composite Index (IHSG). In today’s digital world, search engine becomes most important tool looking for information. Google dominated share with 91.38% of people use it. number supports to observe behavior market. Instead using it specific assets or securities that can limit scope investors, this...

Investor attention reacts to the company’s newly released information, especially positive information or signal. Since COVID-19 pandemic, CSR is one of signals from company. This study aims examine effect each dimension on investor during pandemic and prove which form category attract most in times crisis. The research uses quantitative methods, secondary data forms, linear regression techniqu...