Numerous studies have reported various laparoscopic techniques since the idea of “minimal invasive access surgery” was introduced in the early 1990s (1). One of them is the transumbilical endoscopic surgery (TUES). TUES is a single-port access (SPA) surgery approach to the umbilicus, an embryologic natural orifice (2). Other names of this technique include SPA surgery, scarless surgery, single-...

This paper examines the viability of security transaction excise taxes (STETs) as one policy tool for promoting a more stable financial environment, specifically with respect to the U.S. economy. Contrary to a large recent critical literature, we show that a STET can be designed without creating large distortions between segments of the financial market. We also show that a modest STET for the ...

one of the most common methods of financing to which banks repeatedly resort nowadays is, in addition to planning different kinds of bank deposits, to distribute securities supported by bank facilities. the application of such tools is highly experienced in the current banking. in fact, enjoying such instruments, banks have the intention to renew their resources in their attempt to enhance thei...

with regard to the islamic ban on usury, muslim governments and companies that intend to raise funds have to utilize financial instruments which, besides having economic and financial justification, need to be consistent with the principles and provisions of the jurisprudence. meanwhile, given the different motivations and interests of investors, diversity in financial instruments is a fundamen...

Financial institutions like banks make extensive use of information systems and information technology, but they are risk-averse and slow to adopt new technology. In this paper, we explore how the new paradigm of objectoriented analysis and design can be used to advantage in banking information systems. We identify the similarities among the different financial instruments offered by banks and ...

The current financial crisis: a brief reminder. As is well known, one of the main causes of the 2008 financial crisis is the fact that banks underestimated the risk of investing in high-risk mortgages. According to the news reports, this underestimation was caused by the banks “mixing” mortgages into complex financial instruments, which somehow lowered the estimated risks. The mixing means, cru...

Over the last three decades there has been a dramatic increase in the size of the financial sector and in the compensation of financial executives. This increase has been associated with greater risk-taking and the use of more complex financial instruments. Parallel to this trend, the organizational structure of the financial sector has changed with the traditional partnership replaced by publi...

laser technology has been recently introduced into the dental field with the idea to replace drilling. having a less painful first dental experience by the use of modern instruments like laser can be an efficient preventive and therapeutic strategy in pediatric dentistry. pedodontists need to learn the new less invasive technologies and adopt them in their routine practice. this study aimed to ...

Computer and robot assisted eye surgery has great potential to address common problems encountered in many eye surgery tasks including poor visualization, lack of force sensing, hand tremor, and accessibility. Positional feedback of the instruments relative to the eye can be used to prevent undesirable collisions, improve remote center of motion interaction, and possibly automate tasks like ins...